And More Acid/Base Reg (lec 18)

Question 1

pH eqn?

Answer 1

pH = 6.1 + log ([HCO3-]/(0.03)(PCO2)

Question 2

Acidosis results from ↑ of what or ↓ of what?

Answer 2

↑ PCO2

↓ HCO3-

Question 3

Alkalosis results from ↑ of what or ↓ of what?

Answer 3

↑ HCO3-

↓ PCO2

Question 4

Acidosis HCO3-:CO2 ratio is?

Answer 4

< 20

Question 5

Alkalosis HCO3-:CO2 ratio is?

Answer 5

> 20

Question 6

Normal HCO3- range?

Answer 6

22 -26

Question 7

Normal CO2 range?

Answer 7

35 - 45

Question 8

Compensation is?

Answer 8

Δ in alternate system in SAME direction of acid/base imbalance

Question 9

Partial compensation?

Answer 9

pH still abnormal

plasma PCO2 and HCO3- both abnormal

Question 10

Complete compensation?

Answer 10

pH normal (NOT over-compensated)
plasma PCO2 and HCO3- both abnormal

Question 11

Mass Action Rule?

Answer 11

Δ in HCO3-/PCO2 levels due to Mass Action and not Compensation if:

↓ of 10 PCO2 causes ↓ of 2 HCO3-

↑ of 10 PCO2 causes ↑ of 1 HCO3-

Question 12

Pure (uncompensated) States:

Metabolic Acidosis?

Answer 12

pH < 7.35

addition of acid makes Φ Δ in PCO2
(no resp or renal correction)

addition of CO2 w/ no renal compensation

Question 13

Pure (uncompensated) States:

Metabolic Alkalosis?

Answer 13

pH > 7.45

addition of base makes Φ Δ in PCO2
(no resp or renal correction)

removal of CO2 w/ no renal compensation

Question 14

Cause of Mixed Acidosis?

Answer 14

DM ketoacidosis w/ ↓ respiration:

low pH
↑PCO2 (resp acidosis)
↓HCO3- (metabolic acidosis)

Question 15

Cause of Mixed Alkalosis?

Answer 15

Severe vomiting w/ fever

high pH
↑HCO3- (metabolic alkalosis)
↓PCO2 (resp acidosis)