EC2 Fundamentals Flashcards by Jana Dohman

How can you be notified if your AWS spending exceeds a certain amount?

Create a budget in the AWS Billing console

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What is Amazon EC2?

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What operating systems are available on VMs in EC2?

Linux, Mac or Windows

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What are the sizing and configuration options in EC2?

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What is EC2 user data?

It is a script used to bootstrap (launching commands when the machine starts) an EC2 instance

The script is only run once

The script runs with the root user (sudo rights)

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What things can you automate when using the EC2 user data?

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EC2 instance types (examples)

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If you stop and start an EC2 instance, which of the following may change and which will stay the same?

Public IP Address
Private IP Address

Public IP Address (may change)
Private IP Address (will stay the same)

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What is the naming convention of EC2 instance types (e.g. m5.2xlarge)?

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What are the different types of EC2 instance types?

General Purpose
Compute Optimized
Memory Optimized
Accelerated Computing
Storage Optimized
HPC Optimized (high-performance computing)

https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types

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What are the features of general purpose EC2 instance types?

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What are the features of compute optimized EC2 instance types?

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What are the features of memory optimized EC2 instance types?

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What are the features of storage optimized EC2 instance types?

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What are security groups in AWS?

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How are security groups used in EC2?

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Security Group Diagram

If an application running in EC2 is not accessible (times out) from the outside, what would likely be the first place to look?

Security groups

What is a good analogy for the relationship between EC2 and security groups?

Security groups act as a firewall outside of the EC2 instances

Are security groups region and VPC specific?

Yes

Can a security group be attached to multiple EC2 instances?

Yes

If an application running in EC2 gets a connection refused error, what would likely be the first place to look?

It’s either an application error or it is not launched

What is the default inbound access for security groups in EC2?

Inbound traffic is BLOCKED by default

What is the default outbound access for security groups in EC2?

Outbound traffic is AUTHORIZED by default

Referencing security groups from other security groups to grant access (diagram)

What are the classic ports and what are they used for?

What is the recommended way to configure the AWS CLI security on an EC2 instance?

Attach an IAM role (which is nearly instantaneous and doesn't require a restart of the instance or you SSH session; changes to permissions in the role are also nearly instantaneous) Never use "aws configure" and add your credentials in because any user in the account can gain access to your credentials

What are the different EC2 instance purchasing options?

What are the benefits of the EC2 On Demand purchasing option?

What are the benefits of the EC2 Reserved Instances purchasing option?

What are the benefits of the EC2 Saving Plan purchasing option?

What are the benefits of the EC2 Spot Instance purchasing option?

What are the benefits of the EC2 Dedicated Host purchasing option?

What are the benefits of the EC2 Dedicated Instances purchasing option?

What is the difference between EC2 Dedicated Host and Dedicated Instance purchasing options?

EC2 Dedicated Instance means you have your own instance on your own hardware EC2 Dedicated Host means you get access to the physical server itself and it gives you visibility into the lower level hardware

What are EC2 Capacity Reservations?

How do you decide between different EC2 instance purchasing options?

How do EC2 Spot Instance requests work?

Can get a discount of up to 90% off the On Demand price Define a max spot price and you get the instance while the current spot price < max spot price The hourly spot price varies based on offer and capacity If the current spot price > max spot price, you can choose to stop or terminate your instance with a 2 minute grace period

What are the options you can specify in an EC2 Spot Instance request?

- Maximum price - Desired number of instances - Launch specification - Request type (one time or persistent) - Valid from, Valid until

When are you allowed to cancel an EC2 Spot Instance request?

When it is open (before the instances have been provisioned), active (while the instances are provisioned) or disabled (when the instances have been stopped or terminated but before the request is open again, for persistent spot request only) The order is to first cancel the Spot Instance request and then terminate the instances

Does cancelling an EC2 Spot Instance request terminate the instances?

What are EC2 Spot Fleets?