EC2 and EBS Flashcards
What are the available EC2 instance types (billing)?
On Demand
Reserved (1-3 years)
Spot (Bid based)
Dedicated Hosts
What are the typical use cases for EC2 On Demand Instances?
Fixed rate by the hour or second
No upfront payments
No long term committment
Short term, spiky or unpredictable workloads
POC testing applications
What are the typical use cases for EC2 Reserved Instances?
Apps with steady state or predictable usage
Reduced costs from down payment
Need for a (Scheduled RI) for a monthly sale
What are the types of Reserved Instances?
Standard
Convertible (equal or greater value)
Scheduled (recurring)
What are the use cases for Spot Instances?
Apps with flexible start and end times
Apps only feasible at low costs
Urgent need for large additional compute)
What are the use cases for Dedicated Host EC2 instances?
Situations where regulations disallow multi-tenant virtualization
3rd Part Licensing Needed
What are the instance family types?
- F - FPGA
- I - IOPS
- G - Graphics
- H - High Disk Throughput
- T - General Purpose (T2 Micro)
- D - Density
- R - RAM
- M - Main Choice for general purpose
- C - Compute
- P - Graphics (think Pics)
- X - Extreme Memory
Where are EBS volumes stored?
virtually and replicated across an AZ
What are the available EBS Volume Types?
GP2 - General Purpose 2
IO1 - Provisioned IOPS
ST1 - Throughput Optimized
SC1 - Cold HDD
Standard - Magnetic
What are GP2 volumes and when are they used?
General Purpose SSD
< 10,000 IOPS
What are IO1 volumes and when are they used?
Provisioned IOPS SSD
I/O intensive apps
large RDS or NoSQL DBs
> 10,000 IOPS
What are ST1 volumes and when are they used?
Throughput Optimized HDD
Big Data
Data Warehouses
Log Processing
Cannot be a boot volume
What are Cold HDD volumes and when are they used?
Lowest Cost per GB of all EBS bootables
Infrequently accessed workloads
lowest storage cost important
If a spot instance is terminated by Amazon EC2, you will/will*** not be charged for a partial hour of usage. If you terminate the instance yourself, you ***will/will not be charged for the complete hour in which the instance ran
will not
will
What are Magnetic Standard EBS volumes?
Previous generation magnetic
Can be boot volume
What is a Subnet?
Range of IP addresses in your VPC
Each subnet resides in a different AZ
Isolate EC2 resources from each other
Isolate EC2 resources from the Internet
What is a security group?
A set of firewall rules that control traffic for your instance. Not as smart as a WAF
What is a DMZ?
Demilitarized Zone
AKA Screened submetwork
Seperates a LAN from the Internet
Web front ends located in DMZ
What do you need to connect to an EC2 instance from Windows?
Private Key
Putty App
PPK (converted from PEM in PuttyGen)
What popular ports need to be opened in your security group to allow connections?
SSH (22)
HTTP (80)
HTTPS (443)
RDP (3389)
In terms of EC2, how do we design for failure?
Have one EC2 instance in each AZ you are serving
What are the three ways to interact with AWS?
Console
CLI
SDKs
What are the two web servers available?
Apache, IIS
What are the three types of load balancers?
Application - Layer 7
Network - High Performance and static IPs
Classic - Existing apps, phasing out
What is important to remember about web servers and availability zones?
Best practice is to place them in seperate AZs (subnets)
