EBP Synthesis Flashcards
True or False: Statistical significant = clinical significance
False
Characteristics of Landmark Studies
- make a difference in people’s lives
- are generalizable
- lead to theory generation
- have implications for multiple disciplines
- generate other studies
What does clinical importance mean?
It is the practical relevance of the findings
What does clinical importance take into account?
- How much change will this cause?
- What are the associated risks?
- Is this change effective and efficient?
Research Critique
examination of a studies merits, limitations, meaning, and significant
Critique Skills
- critical thinking
- logical reasoning
- knowledge of research methodology
- attention to detail
- recognition of strengths and weaknesses
Knowledge Utilization
the process of disseminating and using research-generated information to make an impact or change in the existing practices in society
Time Lag
the period of time between generating and using knowledge by society
Factors Affecting Time Lag
- historical events
- attitudes toward research
- attitudes toward researchers
- nursing school curriculum
- nurses not reading research
- not considered important
- positive impact not observed in patient
Administration Barriers to Utilization
- research not valued
- limited change in agency or change not based on research
- limited resources to make change
Clinician Barriers to Utilization
- do not read research reports
- lack education about research process
- do not believe research findings
- do not know how to implement findings
This type of adopter actively seeks information on new ideas
innovator
This type of adopter has a high level of mass media exposure
innovator
This type of adopter has interpersonal networks that widely extend beyond local social systems
innovator
This type of adopter receives early information about innovations
innovator
This type of adopter functions outside the existing social structures
innovator
This type of adopter tends to have cosmopolitan relationships
innovator
This type of adopter functions as a change agent
innovator
This type of adopter has diverse social support systems
innovator
This type of adopter can cope with high levels of uncertainty
innovator
This type of adopter does not rely on subjective evaluations of an innovation by other system members
innovator
This type of adopter has less of an influence on adoption of an innovation within the system because they are not closely linked with the local social system
innovator
This type of adopter tends to be an opinion-leader in existing social systems
early adopter
This type of adopter learns about new ideas rapidly
early adopter
This type of adopter uses new ideas
early adopter
This type of adopter serves as a role model for the use of new ideas
early adopter
This type of adopter is rarely a leader
early majority
This type of adopter is considered an active follower
early majority
This type of adopter will readily follow in the use of a new idea
early majority
This type of adopter is skeptical about new ideas
late majority
This type of adopter will adopt new ideas only if group pressure is great
late majority
This type of adopter sometimes leave rather than change
late majority
This type of adopter are security-oriented
laggards
This type of adopter tend to cling to the past
laggards
This type of adopter are often isolated within the social system
laggards
By the time this adopter accepts a new idea, it is consider an old idea
laggards
Research Implementation Stages
- Persuasion
- Decision
- Implementation
- Confirmation
Persuasion Stage
an individual or other decision-making unit develops a favorable or unfavorable attitude toward the change or intervention
Decision Stage
individual either adopts or rejects the innovation
Implementation Stage
intervention is put to use
Confirmation Stage
the individual evaluates the effectiveness of the intervention and decides either to continue or to discontinue it
Types of Implementation
- Direct Application
- Reinvention
- Indirect Application
Direct Application
intervention is used exactly as it was developed
Reinvention
adopters modify the intervention to meet their own needs
Indirect Application
the knowledge is incorporated into the individual’s thinking and combined with past experience, previous education, and current values
