EBP Quiz 2

Question 1

Quantitative Research

Answer 1

Statistical analyses. Statistically significant. Classically measured with a p-value.

Question 2

Statistical Significance

Answer 2

Goal is to get a p value of <0.05. This means that there is a 5% likelihood that the results were due to chance, but a 95% likelihood that the results were due to the intervention.

Good chance that this change would not have been observed if the intervention had no effect whatsoever.

Question 3

Clinical Significance

Answer 3

“Statistical tests alone cannot identify how important the results are to clinical practice.” Clinical significance can be determined by consensus of expert opinion of whether or not it is useful in practice.

Question 4

Reliability

Answer 4

Refers to the consistency of a measure. (If you gave the same test over time would the results be reasonably the same? Weighing yourself throughout the day reasonably similar results, not suddenly 50# heavier.)

Question 5

Validity

Answer 5

The extent to which a concept is accurately measured. Internal is a tool that accurately measures concepts, and external is the generalizability to other populations/settings. Are you measuring what you say you’re trying to measure? Trying to measure depression but all your questions are geared towards anxiety, ie.

Question 6

Non-Experimental Quantitative

Answer 6

Type of research in which there is no intervention, randomization, or control. Weaker form of research. Uses descriptive studies.

Question 7

Descriptive Study

Answer 7

Used to describe characteristics of a phenomenal. Often in the form of surveys. Variables are not manipulated. No attempt is made to determine if an intervention causes something to happen.

Question 8

Quasi-Experimental Research

Answer 8

Intervention. No randomization or control. Trying to show that an intervention causes a certain outcome. Used when not practical, ethical, or possible to use randomization, control, and intervention.

Question 9

Experimental Research (3)

Answer 9

Randomized control trials.

Intervention - Randomization - Control

Question 10

Controlled Quasi-Experimental Study

Answer 10

Intervention and control but no randomization. Outcomes are measures before and after the intervention in the intervention group and in the control group

Question 11

Uncontrolled Quasi-Experimental Study

Answer 11

Intervention, no randomization no control. Same outcomes are measured before and after the intervention in one group

Question 12

Experimental Study/Randomized Control Study

Answer 12

Randomization - Control - Intervention

Question 13

Systematic Reviews

Answer 13

Summarizes critically appraised research evidence. Includes a specific research question. Comprehensive search strategy. Rigorous appraisal methods. Group of experts, secondary research. High-level overview of primary research on a focus question. Answers a focused clinical question, takes months to years.

Question 14

Meta-Analysis

Answer 14

Use of statistical methods to summarize results of multiple studies.

Question 15

Research gold standard?

Answer 15

Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Question 16

Phenomenology

Answer 16

Lived experience!