EBP (10) + Communication and Collaboration (12) Flashcards
phases of therapeutic relationship
1) orientation phase
2) working phase
3) termination phase
what is expected in the orientation phase?
the patient learns the nurse’s name, credentials and extent of responsibility
this is when they build trust, see each other as people, identify the patient’s view of their problems, and establish a “contract” that patient and nurse will work together
what is it called when actions and words align?
(this is an important component of building trust)
congruence
what is expected of the patient during the working phase?
nurses can expect to see their patient have motivation and resistance to change regarding their condition–this is the patient’s response to stress
when patients make little progress because they resist more than they actively try to change
regression
what is the termination phase?
the patient and the nurse are beginning to end the relationship in a therapeutic manner
this type of communication is the most obvious and consists of all speech
verbal communication
this type of communication consists of actions, tone, and body language
people are less able to exercise conscious control over what they communicate
nonverbal communication
what are the criteria for successful communication?
1) feedback
2) appropriateness
3) efficiency
4) flexibility
relaying a message back to the sender
nurses operate under the notion that they do not know everything until confirmed
feedback
the reply “fits” with a question
the nurse can use the patient’s reply to evaluate the presence of a problem
appropriateness
use of simple and clear words–no use of medical jargon
use words that are appropriate to the patient’s level of literacy
efficiency
allowing for deviations from a plan of communicating with the patient
flexibility
effective communication tools
1) active listening
2) empathy
3) open-ended questions
4) sharing knowledge and information
5) reflection
6) silence
what are the characteristics of research (new science)?
it can be replicated across different settings
the means to resolve, clarify, or inform regarding phenomena related to improving patient care
what are the characteristics of EBP?
it is the use of research to guide clinical judgment of nurses and deliver quality health care with integration of clinician expertise and patient preferences
what are the 3 types of research?
1) quantitative
2) qualitative
3) mixed
characteristics of quantitative research
measurable variables
minimize subjectivity and bias
it can be conducted through study groups and determined through interventions–applicable to different settings
(pain levels, LOS, lab values)
define bias
the systematic distortion of a finding of data–results from problems with participants
(testing the effectivity of an intervention but using young patients only instead of diversifying to the older population)
characteristics of qualitative research (naturalistic inquiry)
explores human responses to health and illness
data collection involves narrative interviews and participant observation
characteristics of mixed research
combines both types, meaning there will be a variety of data collection techniques and analyses
define research question
a question posed from an identified research problem
(“what are the characteristics of mothers who have difficulty initiating breastfeeding?”)
what is the PICOT framework?
it is what nurses use in direct patient care roles to focus their search for evidence in regards to what is considered best practice or learn a better way to improve outcomes
guides EBP
PICOT
Population
Intervention
Comparison
Outcome
Time
reliability of data collection
consistently accurate (yields the same values each time the instrument is used)
validity of data tool
must measure what it’s supposed to measure
how is research used in practice and education?
it can be used to support and improve practice
what is the Common Fund?
launched by NIH to fund research programs that make biomedical research responsive to needs of society
