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EBM Dr. Freshie > EBM ABX > Flashcards

EBM ABX Flashcards

1
Q

Primaxin composition

A

“Gorillamycin”

AKA Imipenem an Cilastin

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2
Q

Primaxin Dosage in patient with creatinine clearance = to or greater than 90 mL/min

A

500 mg IV over 20-30 min q 6h

OR

1000mg IV over 40-60 min q 8h

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3
Q

Does meropenem cover pseudomonas?

A

Yes!

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4
Q

What is the dosage for meropenem in adults?

A

500 mg IV q8h for skin

or

1g q8h for complicated pseudomonal skin issues.

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5
Q

What are the important drug interactions seen with Meropenem?

A

Probenecid: Can lead to increased meropenem levels.

Valproic Acid: Increases risk of seizures by deminishing valproic acid levels.

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6
Q

What drug class does meropenem acts synergistic with to treat pseudomonas?

A

Aminoglycosides!

Especially against pseudomonas

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7
Q

What is Invanz?

Whats it implicated in?

A

Ertpenem
Indicated for complicated skin infections AKA diabetic foot infections without osteomyelitis.

NOT Pseudomonas.

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8
Q

What is the dosage of Invanz in adults older than 13?

A

1g given once a day.

Patients 3 mo - 12 years 15 mg/kg twice daily not to exceed 1g a day.

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9
Q

Do aminoglycosides cover pseudomonas?

A

Yes!

And they are synergistic with carbapenems.

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10
Q

What are the three big side effects of Aminoglycosides?

A

Ototoxicity
Phlebitis
Nephrotoxicity
Hypersensitivity.

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11
Q

What are normal ESR levels?

A

0-22 mm/h

ESR > 60 mm likely osteo

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12
Q

What are normal CRP levels?

A

3.0 mg/dL

> 3.2 mg/DL with ulcer >3 mm =OM

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13
Q

What are normal CBC levels?

A

5-10 mm x10^8 cells/mmcubed

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14
Q

What is timentin?

A

Ticarcillin + Clavulunic acid

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15
Q

What is unasyn?

A

Ampicillin / Sulbactam
Given IV!

NO PSEUDOMONAS COVERAGE

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16
Q

What is Zosyn?

A

Piperacillin + Tazobactam

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17
Q

What is the indication and Penicillin G?

A

DOC for strep!

Doesn’t effect bacteroides

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18
Q

What is the indication and dose for nafcillin?

How is it cleared?

A

MSSA
1g IV q 4-6 hours

Cleared hepatically with short half life.

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19
Q

What are the semi-synthetic pencilins?

A

Cloxacillin

Dicloxacillin

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20
Q

What is the dosage for cloxacillin and dicloxacillin?

A

250-500 mg no BID given orally.

These are the oral equivalent to nafcillin.

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21
Q

What is Augmentin?

A

Amoxacillin and Clavulunic acid used as an oral emperic drug.

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22
Q

What is the dosage for augmentin?

A

500-875 mg po q 12 hours

IMPORTANT FOR HUMAN BITES AND COVERS BACTEROIDES.

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23
Q

What is the set ratio of clavulunic acid to amoxacillin?

A

125 mg clavulunic acid to 500-875 mg of amoxicillin.

Thus cannot give two 250 mg augmentins due to overdose leading to severe diahhrea.

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24
Q

What is the dosage for unasyn?

A

1.5 - 3g IV q6

NO Pseudomonas coverage!!

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25
Q

What is the dosage for zosyn?

A

Pipercyllin with tazobactam

3.7g IV q 6h
or
4.5g IV q8’

HAS PSEUDOMONAS COVERAGE

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26
Q

When comparing zosyn and unasyn, which covers pseudomonas?

A

Zosyn (pipercillyn and tazobactam) covers pseudomonas.

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27
Q

Dosage and indication of ticarcillin?

A

Pseudomonas coverage.

3g q 4h IV

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28
Q

Piperacillin dosage and indication

A

3-4g q4-6h

For pseudomonas and streptococcus.

For severe infections, combine with aminoglycosides.

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29
Q

Timentin dosage and indication

A

Ticarcillin and clavulunic acid

Dosage: 3g ticarcillin + 100mg clavulunic acid.

For MSSR and Streptococci.

30
Q

Augmentin dosage

A

500-875 mg bid PO

Is the oral DOC for emperic animal/human bites!!

31
Q

Unasyn dosage?

A

Ampicillin and sulbactam
1.5g or 3g q6h IV or IM

Great for mixed infections.

32
Q

Zosyn dosage?

A

Piperacillin and tazobactam

4.5g q8h hits enteroccocus and mixed infections.

33
Q

What is the drug combination to use against Vancomycin resistant enterococcus?

A

Daptomycin with linizolid.

34
Q

Most common acute osteomyelitis agents in infants?

A

GBS
S aureus
E.coli

35
Q

Most common acute osteo agents in children?

A

S aureus and epidermidis with sickle cell in those with salmonella.

36
Q

Most common acute osteo agent in drug users?

A

PSeudomonas.

37
Q

Most common agent in chronic osteomyelitis?

A

Staph aureus.

38
Q

What imaging is available for osteomyelitis?

A

Tech 99 bone scan phase 3
CT scan
Ceretec scan - Active infection.

39
Q

What is the other name for Cefazolin?

40
Q

What is the indication and dosage for cefazolin?

A

Initial emperic treatment for community aquired infections.

1g q8h or IV for most infections.
Renally cleared.

41
Q

What is another name for cephalexin?

What is its indication and dosage?

A

Keflex
Indicated for staphylococcus (penicillin cheaper)
250-500 mg bid-qid PO

42
Q

What is the other name for Cefoxitin and what is its indication?

A

Mefoxin
Used for gram negative organisms including bacteroides

Dose: 2g q6-8h IV

43
Q

What is the indication and dosage for cefotetan?

A

Anerobics similar to cefositin.

Dose: 1-2g q12 h IV

44
Q

What is cefuroxime indicated for and what are its dosages?

A

H. influenzae
Best of any parenteral 2nd gen for staph.

Dose: 750 mg q12h
Rare in LE because H influ not found there often.

45
Q

cephtriaxone alterative name?

46
Q

Cephtriaxone cover pseudomonas?

47
Q

Which cephaloasporin is DOC for septic arthritis?

A

Rocephin

esp for gonoccocal

48
Q

Rocephin dose

A

1-2g q12-24h IV

49
Q

Third gen cephalosporin that covers pseudomonas?

A

Cephtazidime

1g q8h IV

50
Q

What is omniceph/cefdinir the DOC for?

A

mixed skin infections!

51
Q

4th gen ceph?

A

Cefepime

1-2g q12h IV

52
Q

What is the general abx coverage of fluoroquinolones?

A

Wide spectrum aerobic gram positive and gram negative organisms.

53
Q

Does erythromycin cover MRSA?

A

No but it covers other staph!

Careful for hepatotoxicity

54
Q

What is the dosage for erythromycin?

A

250-500 mg four times a day PO

or

1g q6h IV diluted in 100mL of solution.

55
Q

macrolide for penicillin allergic pt with skin infection?

A

Azithromycin.

56
Q

Clarithromycin dosage?

A

250-500mg four times a day PO

57
Q

What are the best uses for minocycline and doxycycline?

A

Treatment of MRSA

58
Q

Dosage for tetracycline?

A

250-500 mg four times a day PO

59
Q

Dosage for minocycline and doxycycline?

A

100 mg q12h PO

60
Q

Does clindamycin cover enteroccoi or MRSA?

A

No!

good for skin staph coverage in patients with penicillin allergies.

61
Q

What is the dosage for clindamycin (cleocin)?

A

600-900 mg q8h IV

or

150-300 mg two to three times a day PO for outpatient.

62
Q

What is Flagyl?

A

Metronidazole

63
Q

What is the dosage for metronidazole?

A

Good for protozoa

500mg three to four times a day PO
Can treat C.diff

64
Q

What is metronidazole used to treat?

A

Pseudomembranous colitis via cdiff
and
helps in combination therapy for diabetic foot infections.

65
Q

How does MRI change in efficiency in diagnosing osteo?

A

Best for diagnosing neuropathic osteo

Not great for diagnosing ischemic osteo.

66
Q

Whats the non surgical drug cocktail for osteomyelitis?

A

Augmentin or Clindamycin with a quinolone.

Rifampin viable as well here.

67
Q

What are two drugs of choice to treat patients with osteomyelitis, sickle cell anemia and resultant salmonella?

A

Cephtriaxone 1mg IV q 12h

Ciprofloxacin 200-400 mg IV q8h

68
Q

What drugs should be used in children under 3 months of age with osteomyelitis due to GBS?

A

Vancomycin 1g q 12h IV with cephtriaxone 1g q 12h

69
Q

Which antibitic should be used prophylactically for implant surgery?

A

Clindamycin 600-900 mg q 8h IV

70
Q

what is the vancomycin dose for adults with contigous osteomyelitis?

A

15-20 mg/kg q 8-12h vancomycin oral dose

71
Q

Whats the treatment for C.diff?

A

Flagyl 500 mg qid BO
+
vanco 125 mg PO qid.

EBM Dr. Freshie (6 decks)

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