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Adult Psychological Problems > Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Eating Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

AN subtypes

A

Restricting type and binge-eating type

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2
Q

Factors of AN restricting type

A
  • No binge eating/purging within last 3 months

- weight loss through dieting, fasting or excessive exercise

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3
Q

Fairburn (2013): binge eating case

A

Strong desire-> relief and comfort -> guilt and anger

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4
Q

Hudson et al (2007) USA AN prevalence:

A

15-19 year olds

1% females, 0.5% males

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5
Q

Consequences of AN

A

Hair thins, malnourished body, stress

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6
Q

Which eating disorder that the highest mortality rate of any mental disorder

A

Anorexia Nervosa

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7
Q

Factors of Bulimia Nervosa

A
  • Recurrent episodes of binge eating
  • recurrent inappropriate behaviours in order to prevent weight gain e.g. Self-induced vomiting
  • can occur at least 1 month for 3 months
  • self-evaluation influenced by body weight and shape
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8
Q

Subtypes of Bulimia Nervosa

A

Purging and non-purging

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9
Q

Oltmanns and Emergy (2015) case of BN

A

Binge eating-> self induced vomiting -> scared of gaining weight-> shameful

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10
Q

Binge-Eating disorder factors

A
  • Recurrent episodes of binge eating
  • occurs with 3+ of eating more rapidly than normal, eating large amounts when not hungry, eating alone and feeling guilty/depressed after
  • marked distress
  • occurs at least 1 week for 3 months
  • NO purging
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11
Q

Diagnostic cross over is frequent for which disorders?

A

AN-> BN

BED -> BN

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12
Q

Assessment of eating disorders (3 types)

A

Medical, clinical interview and self-report measures

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13
Q

Medical assessment of eating disorders

A

Physiological assessment (blood, heart, weight) and BMI

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14
Q

Clinical interview to assess eating disorders

A

Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorders and Eating disorders examination (EDE)

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15
Q

Self report measures for assessing eating disorders

A

Eating disorders examination questionnaire (Fairburn and Beglin, 1994); Eating disorders interview-3 (Garner, 2004), SCOFF (Hill et al., 2009)

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16
Q

What does the Self report measure SCOFF stand for?

A

Sick, control, one (stone), fat and food

17
Q

ED has high comorbidity with…

A 
ADHD (20% of AN patients)
OC traits in 50% of AN patients 
Anxiety disorders
Depression 
Alcohol and substance misuse
18
Q

Aetiology of AN and BN

A

Biological factors, sociocultural factors, family influences and individual factors

19
Q

The biological factors of AN and BN

A
  • Twins (50-80% heritability)
  • brain structure differences (need more evidence)
  • set point hypothesis (set weight)
  • serotonin levels higher in ED patients
20
Q

Sociocultural context of ED

A

individualistic cultures (Becker, 2004)- Figi tv- 30 girls developed ED after 3 year follow up

21
Q

Family influences of ED

A
  • parental thinness ideal (comments from parents)

- family dysfunction (lack of cohesion and poor communication)

22
Q

Individual risk factors of ED

A
  • gender (women more likely)
  • sexual orientation (gay)
  • internalised fear ideal
  • perfectionism
  • negative body image
  • dieting
  • negative emotionality/depression
  • child abuse/ neglect
23
Q

Causes of obesity

A
  • Genes
  • Abnormalities in leptin (reduces appetite) and grehlin (increases appetite)
  • society: Rozin et al (2003): Paris portions smaller than Philly (USA)
  • family influences in culture
  • stress = comfort food
24
Q

Treatment for AN

A

Antidepressants and family therapy

25
Q

Medication for AN

A

Antidepressants used for BN (feel bad), antipsychotics used for AN (deluded)

26
Q

Family therapy for AN (maudsley model)

A

Maudsley model:

  1. Refeeding
  2. Address family problems
  3. Improving relationships
27
Q

Support for family therapy

A

Locke et al (2010): 121 adolescents to individual/ family therapy. Recovery rate= 42% fam, 23% individual

28
Q

Treatment for BN

A

Antidepressants and CBT (change beliefs and normalise eating patterns)

29
Q

Treatment for BED

A

Antidepressants, appetite stimulants, medication to stop fat absorption, batriatic surgery

30
Q

Recovery rates after treatment (Loewe et al 2001)

A

After 21 years, 16% died, 10% still suffered, 51% fully recovered, 21% partial recovery

31
Q

What is Anorexia Nervosa

A
  • restriction of energy intake
  • intense fear of gaining weight
  • disturbance of body weight/shape; influence of body on self-evaluation; lack of recognition of the seriousness of current low body weight

Adult Psychological Problems (6 decks)

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