EATING DISORDERS Flashcards
_____ % people in canad afeel the eed to lose weight?
50% with higher levels in females however, makes have fairly high numbers too
What are some misconceptions about eating disorder?
They can be related to race and ethnicity.
Define anorexia nervosa
It is characterized by the follwong;
- refusal to maintain a minimally standard weight
- fear of gaining weight
- challenges/disturbances in perception of ones own size and weight
- weight loss is viewed as a triumph vs weight gain as a failure
- tuning out of hunger cues
- considered ego-syntonic implying people find no problems with how they eat or their eating patterns/behaviours
_______ is the fear of being fat and include discrimination and oppression of those who are fat
fatphobia
What are some consequences of fatphobia?
- lack of accessibility eg: plane seats
- hiring discrimination as overwight individuals are considered sloppy and lazy
- ## health discrimination that is misdiagnosis or under diagnosis du to weight
____________ are behaviours performed after binge eating to prevent wirght gain and include self-induced vomiting, fasting and exercising
compensatory behaviour
_____ describe personal beliefs that cultural standards for attractiveness, body image and social acceptance are connected ones ability to control diet and weight gain
disordered eating attitudes
How can eating patterns develop?
- common maong children
- influenced by peers and family
- early eating habits, attitudes and behaviours place undue concern on body image and drive for thinness can lead increase in ED
- these concerns often accompany one into adolescence and when trasitioning this can be more harmful for girls leading to unhealthy eating patterns
- these attempts nd drive to diet and lose weight can ead to vicious cycle of weight gain and loss. Chronic dieting can lead to ED
- influenced by metabolic rate and set point
What is the spectrum of eating disorders?
- intuitive eating
- unhealthy or disordered eating
- eating disorder
What is the criteria to diagnose Anorexia Nervosa
1.reduced energy intake relative to body requirement leading to significantly low bod weight
2. fear of gaining weight despite having weight below minimal standards
3. disturbance in perception of body or undue influence of of body weight or shape on self evaluation
and persistent lack of self recognition of the seriousness of current body weight
What are the anorexic presentations
- restricting type - caloric deficit through excessive dieting, fasting or excessive exercise
- binge/purging type: eat small amounts of food and eith binge or purge or both
* the trends of subtypes do vary over time*
What is the severity of anorexia based on?
BMI
What is bulimia nervosa representations or charcatersitics?
- Binge eating
- objectively large amounts of food that ot so many eope can eat in the time frame
- no concept of how much eat he or she has eaten, lack of control
- binge sessions follow mood change, stress, interpersonal stress and hunger due to dieting - frequency - once a weak atleast for 3 months
- compensatory behaviours like laxatives, vomiting and fasting/exercising
- self evaluation - body image / weight impacts self image and confidence
What is the severity of bulimia dependent on?
FREQUENCY OF COMPENSATOR BEHAVIOURS per week
_____ is a disorder that involves recurrent episodes of binge eating large amounts of food accompanied by a feeling of loss of control but it does not involve any compensatory behaviours
Binge eating disorder
What are the characteristics of BED?
- recurrent binge eating(similar to BN)
- overweight or obese individual mostly
- frequency similar to bulimia
- no compensatory behaviour
- distress by binge eating
- 3 or more additional symptoms
What are some causes of ED?
- Biological factors may not precipitate the ED but can contribute to it as ones mood, apetite, perception and eneergy regulation controlled by biological factor do contribute to maintenance of ED
- Western culture and family values priortise thinness and eating less which can also trigger ED
- Obsessive/rigid individuals with a high need for approval can also and poor adaptability to change , poor impulse control can contribute to ED
What is the relationship between ED and NSSI?
- HIGH COMORBIDITY - 25 TO 40% of those with NSSI had disordered eating patterns
- cope with feelings
- trying to change, express or suppress feelings leading to interference with healthy coping mechanisms - communicate underlying distress
What are the similarities b/w AN and BN
- Cognitive distortions
- feeling nervous or guilty after eating
- self evaluation unduly influenced by body size
Differences b/w AN and BN
- body perception is disturbed
- bingeing
- weight
- drive fo thinness
_____ is the avoidance/restriction of food intake leading to significant weight loss or maintenance of body weight in childhood or infancy
- avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
_____ is the ingestion of inedible substances usually impacting toddlers and some children with ID and is maintained over 1 month
Pica
What are the 4 key features of AFRID
- nutritional deficiency
- weight loss
- use of an internal feeding tube / oral nutritional supplements
- interference with psychosocial functioning
what is the role of family in the development of anorexi? Explain in context of family systems theory
Family is a unit of individual that leads to formation of interdependence. The development of an ED can be a result of changes or tension within a famiy dynamic. The following factors expain it better:
1. psychosomatic family - rigid and overprotective or controlling families
2. lack of autonomy or independence - families that are nit very autonomous or give the freedom to make decisions to their kids might contribute to this as child feels ineffective and less confident in self leading opting for such ways of expression of ones autonomy
3. Pasive defiance
