Easy French Ch 5 -er Verbs with Spelling Changes Flashcards
commmencer
to begin
lancer
to throw, launch
annoncer
to announce
avancer
to advance
denoncer
to denounce
divorcer
to divorce
forcer (a)
to force
menacer
to threaten
percer
to pierce
placer
to place
prononcer
to pronounce
remplacer
to replace
tracer
to trace (out)
To keep the soft g sound (j), verbs with infinitives ending in -ger introduce a mute e before an -a- or an -o-. In present tense this is in nous form only. What would it be for manger (to eat) and exiger (to demand)?
nous mangeons
nous exigeons
manger
to eeat
exiger
to demand
arranger
to arrange
bouger
to move
changer
to change
corriger
to correct
degager
to free, release
diriger
to direct
echanger
to exchange
engager
to hire
interroger
to question
juger
to judge
loger
to live (somewhere); to house
melanger
to mix
nager
to swim
neiger
to snow
obliger
to oblige; to force
partager
to share
songer (a)
to dream; to think of, about
voyager
to travel
Verbs with a mute e in the syllable before the -er infinitive ending change the mute e to an e with a grave accent in forms that have a mute e in the verb ending (e.g., je, tu, il/elle/on, ils/elles). Conjugate acheter (to buy) in the present tense
j'achete (grave e) tu achetes (grave e) ils/ells/ons achete (grave e) nous achetons (no grave e) vous achetez (no grave e); ils/elles achetent (grave e)
lever
to raise, lift
achever (de)
to finish
amener
to bring (s.o.)
elever (grave e on first e)
to erect; to raise
emmener
to lead away
enlever
to remove
geler
to freeze
se lever
to get up; to stand up
mener
to lead, guide
peser
to weigh
promener
to walk (e.g., the dog)
se promener
to take a walk, a drive
soulever
to lift (up)
Verbs with an acute accent on the e in the syllable before the -er infinitive ending change the acute accent to a grave accent in forms where it occurs in the final sounded syllable. Conjugate preferer (to prefer)
je prefere (with grave accent) tu preferes (with grave accent) il/elle/ons prefere (with grave accent) nous preferons (with accute accent) vous preferez (with accute accent), ils/ells prerent (with grave accent)
preferer
to prefer
ceder
to yield, give to
celebrer
to celebrate
completer
to complete
considerer
to consider
esperer
to hope to
exagerer
to exaggerate
(s)inquieter
to worry
penetrer
to penetrate
posseder
to own, possess
repeter
to repeat
reveler
to show, reveal
suggerer
to suggest
Present tense forms of verbs with infinitives ending with -eler or -eter double the consonant (l or t) when the conjugated verb ending contains a mute e (all except nous and vous in present tense). Conjugate appeler (to call, to name).
j'appelle tu appelles il/elles/on appelle nous appelons vous appelez, ils/elles appellent
Conjugate jeter (to throw (away))
je jette tu jettes il/elle/on jette nous jetons vous jetez, ils/elles jettent
appeler
to call, to name
jeter
to throw (away)
s’apeller
to be named, be called (see Ch 12)
epeler
to spell
projeter
to plan, to project
rappeler
to recall; to call again; to remind
se rappeler
to remember (see Ch 12)
rejeter
to reject, to throw back
renouveler
to renew, to renovate
Verbs with infinitives ending in -yer change -y- into -i- before a mute e in a conjugated verb ending (all but nous and vous in present tense). Conjugate envoyer (to send)
j'envoie tu envoies il/elle/on envoie nous envoyons vous envoyez, ils/elles envoient
envoyer
to send
essayer
to try
aboyer
to bark (dog)
appuyer (sur)
to lean on; to support; to press on
employer
to use
ennuyer
to bore, to annoy
essuyer
to wipe, to undergo, suffer
nettoyer
to clean
s’ennuyer
to be/get bored
payer
to pay, to pay for
To keep the soft s sound, verbs with infinitives ending in -cer change -c- to (c cedilla) when -c- occurs before -a- or -o- as in first person plural present tense. What would first person plural be for commencer?
nous commencons (2nd c is c cedilla)
NOTE: The spelling change in -cer verbs is also found in forms of the imperfect past tense (Ch 14) and the present participle (Ch 12)
