Eastern Europe 1948-89 Flashcards
how did soviet control affect people of E Europe
freedom- taken from them
wealth- poor, banned from accepting marshall aid
goods- lack of televesions, radio etc
when was the berlin wall
1961
when and what was solidarity in poland
1980- trade union protest movement against communist control
when did the berlin wall fall
1989
when and what was the warsaw pact
1955- communist version of NATO
how did soviet union gain control in e europe
comecon and comniform.
when and what is cominform
1947- got leaders who were loyal to him and placed them in countries to rule with communism
when and what was comecon
1949- trading between communist countries. ussr gained as they got sold petrol etc for 1/10 of price from poland
when and what was the significance of hungary
1956- hungary tried leaving warsaw pact, america said they would back them. krushchev couldn’t allow this
when was czechoslovakia and prague spring
1968
what happened in czechoslovakia
dubeck wanted socialialsm with a human face. communist was grilled on tv about how useless they were. idea of a new social democratic party
how did soviets respond to prague spring
suspicious as czech had strong economy and well placed. tanks moved into czechoslovakia, dubeck removed from power.
why did people want to leave communist berlin for capitalist
lot more freedom. good economy
what was ussr response to usa refusing to remove troops from berlin
build the berlin wall stopping free access between east and west berlin.
what were the outcomes of the berlin wall
ussr and us tanks go to checkpoint charlie and have a tense stand off. the wall was better than war, symbol of division between communist and capitalist
when and what were demands of solidarity in poland
1980- 21 demands for govt, they accepted all. solidarity grew to 9.4 mil, became recognised by the govt.
reasons for solidarity success
not seen as alternative to communists. very popular with workers. had support of catholic church. govt playing for time
what was marshall law
when army takes control instead of goverment
reasons for crushing solidarity
it was acting as a political party.
poland was sinking to chaos
solidarity tumbling into chaos, strikes continuing after being ordered to stop.
what was the significance of solidarity
highlighted failure of communism providing good living standards.
highlighted inefficiency and corruption
organisations capable of defying communism, threatened by people power
