EARTHS CRUSTS vocab

Question 1

Mantle

Answer 1

• A layer inside a planetary body bounded below a core and above a crust. Made of rocks and Ices

Question 2

Magma

Answer 2

Hot fluid or semifluid within or below the Earth’s crust

Question 3

Fossils

Answer 3

The remains of a prehistoric organism in a petrified form

Question 4

Lava

Answer 4

Hot molten or semifluid that erupts from a volcanoe.

Question 5

Humus

Answer 5

the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition

Question 6

Compost

Answer 6

decayed organic material used as a plant fertilizer.

Question 7

Loam

Answer 7

a fertile soil of clay and sand containing humus.

Question 8

Soil

Answer 8

the upper layer of earth in which plants grow, consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.

Question 9

Ore

Answer 9

a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be extracted.

Question 10

Sedimentary

Answer 10

that has formed from sediment deposited by water or air.

Question 11

Metamorphic

Answer 11

A rock that arises from other rocks usually because of heat and/or pressure

Question 12

Erosion

Answer 12

the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.

Question 13

Lithospere

Answer 13

the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

Question 14

Asthenosphere

Answer 14

the upper layer of the earth’s mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance

Question 15

Convection currents

Answer 15

Convection currents transfer heat from one place to another by mass motion of a fluid such as water, air or molten rock.

Question 16

Outer core

Answer 16

a fluid layer about 2,260 km (1,400 mi) thick, composed of mostly iron and nickel that lies above Earth’s solid inner core

Question 17

Inner core

Answer 17

the innermost geologic layer of the planet Earth. primarily a solid ball with a radius of 1,220 km,

Question 18

Discontinuities

Answer 18

structural breaks in geologic terials which usually are unhealed and have zero or low tensile strength.

Question 19

Igneous rocks

Answer 19

A rock made out of magma or lava
Intrusive: Made inside the Earth’s crust
Extrusive: Made outside of the Earth’s crust

Question 20

Oceanic Crust

Answer 20

the part of the Earth’s crust that makes up the seafloor

Question 21

Continental Crust

Answer 21

The crust the forms continents

Question 22

Weathering (physical and chemical)

Answer 22

Physical: When a rock is effected by forces of nature (wind,rain)
Chemical: When a rock changes due to mineral solutions (chemicals)

Question 23

Continental drift theory

Answer 23

Earth’s continents move or drift relative to each other over geologic time

Question 24

Tectonic plate theory

Answer 24

the scientific theory that Earth’s lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates,