Earthquakes And Volcanoes Flashcards
What is seismic safe and what are some things we can do to stay safe prior and during earthquake.
Seismic safe are things that are able to stand up against the vibration caused by most earthquakes. Prior to earthquake you can move heavy objects to lower shelf or do not hang heavy objects like mirrors, pictures etc. above your bed or install sensors on gas lineor prepare emergency kit. during the earthquake you should stand in the frame of the door, shut down gas lines hide under sturdy tables, stand in the middle of the street, stay away from glass, light, fixture or anything that could fall on you. Keep away from live wires. Do you not take the elevator.
What is an earthquake and explain the difference between an epicenter and focus
Pressure and heat causes Energy to build up the rocks which when the energy is released the rock breaks and vibration occurs. The epicenter is the point on earth surface directly above and earthquakes focus. The focus is the point where movement first occur and energy is released (where energy comes from)
What is fault and explain the difference between the three types of faults
A fault is a fracture (break) that occurs when rocks break results in movement. The three type of faults are normal fault (divergent plates and slips under), reversed plates (convergent plates ->
What is the difference between the richter & marcalli scale?
The Richter scale measures the magnitude or strength of an earthquake, shows how much energy is released. The marcalli scale measures intensity or amount of damage that has occurred.
What is the Pacific Ring of fire and hot spots and why are they important?
The Pacific Ring of fire is a belt in which many of earth’s volcanoes occur. Hotspot is the largest bodies of magma. The Pacific Ring of fire is important because 80% of the volcanoes occur in the Pacific Ring of fire. The hot spot is important because it can create new Islands and volcanoes.
What is a volcano and explain the difference between the three types of volcanoes
Volcano is a cone shaped mountain where magna, solids a gas can erupt. The three types of volcanoes are shield volcano ( forms at divergent plates, largest type of volcanoes wide and gentle slope sides. Mauna Loa, Hawaii), cinder one volcano (violent eruptions with lava shooting high in the air, tephra forms a small cone about 300m in height, eruption do not last long it stops after all the gas is gone), composite volcano ( subduction zones, violent tephra eruption, steep slopes tall mountain)
What is Tsunami?
Tsunami is a wave caused by an earthquake that occurs at the bottom of the ocean floor
What is a seismic wave and explain the difference between the 3 types of waves.
A seismic wave is the earthquake wave we feel. The three seismic waves are p waves (primary waves occur underground travels the fastest longitudinal waves move back and forth) S waves (secondary waves occurs underground arrive second causes rocks to move up and down interior transverse waves) L waves (surface waves slowest and largest waves causes the most destructions both longitudinal and transverse waves back and forth and up and down)
If p waves arrive at a seismograph station at 10:12 and and S waves arrive at 10:16 am about how far is the station from the epicenter?
4 minutes (10:16-10:12=4 minutes)
What is the Pacific Ring of fire
The Pacific Ring of fire is a belt in which many of earth’s volcanoes occur
What is earthquake safety?
Is seismic safe (able to stand up against the vibration caused by most earthquakes)
What is the epicenter?
Point on earth’s surface directly above an earthquake focus
What is the focus?
The point inside the earth where movement first occur and energy is released (where energy comes from)
What is a normal fault?
It is the section of rock break because of divergent plate boundaries pulling apart (ground will break and move downward)
What is a reversed fault?
It is the section of rocks breaks because of convergent plate boundaries (they are squeezed)
