Earthquakes and tectonic plates

Question 1

What is a destructive plate?

Answer 1

These occur when an oceanic crust meets a continental crust

Question 2

What is a constructive plate?

Answer 2

Where magma rises it creates new ocenic crust. Ocenic plates moving apart

Question 3

What is a conservative plate

Answer 3

Plates move, thats it

Question 4

What is a collision plate

Answer 4

when two continental plates collide

Question 5

What is the crust made out of

Answer 5

Its solid and made out of granite and basaltic rock

Question 6

What is the matle made out of

Answer 6

its a semi- solid and its made of silicate materials

Question 7

What is the outer core made out of

Answer 7

its a liquid and made out of iron and nickel

Question 8

What is the inner core made out of

Answer 8

solid, and its made out of iron and nikel

Question 9

Where and what is the epicentre

Answer 9

epicentre is the place directly above the focus

Question 10

What causes an earthquake

Answer 10

• when plate margins move past each other and get stuck
• then they lock causing pressure
• then the pressure is suddenly removed in a jerky movement which causes an earthquake

Question 11

P wave

Answer 11

not strong usually the foreshock

Question 12

S wave

Answer 12

Secondary wave, strong and is the main earthquake

Question 13

What is Richter scale

Answer 13

the scale on which the strength of the earthquake is measured

Question 14

What is a seismometer

Answer 14

An instrument used to measure the strength of the earthquake

Question 15

Describe aftershock

Answer 15

Smaller earthquakes after the main, larger one

Question 16

What is magnitude

Answer 16

How strong an earthquake is

Question 17

Describe focus

Answer 17

The place in the earth where rocks are moving which is directly below the epicentre, energy radiating from the focus forms seismic waves

Question 18

what is the definition of tectonic plates?

Answer 18

the crust broken into large sections

Question 19

What are the 2 theories about the movement of tectonic plates?

Answer 19

conventional currents and slab pull/ridge push

Question 20

describe the convection currents theory

Answer 20

currents that occur within the molten rock in the mantle, created by heat rising and falling, acts like a conveyor belt to the plates to make them move in different directions.

Question 21

describe the slab pull and ridge push theory

Answer 21

Slab pull/ ridge push is the idea that gravity is acting on the plates and pulling them apart

Question 22

how are earthquakes measured?

Answer 22

On the Moment Magnitude Scale (MMS) on a scale from 0-10 it measures the total amount of energy released by earthquakes

Question 23

Describe and explain the distribution of earthquakes

Answer 23

include:
. main plate boundaries (North+ south American, Nazca, centre of the Atlantic and Ring of Fire)
. occurring in a linear pattern
. happen on plate margins as that is where plates move
. movement make earthquakes more likely
. larger earthquakes are on destructive plate boundaries

Question 24

where is the Peru-Chile trench?

Answer 24

Along the west coast of South America

Question 25

Where is the mid Atlantic ridge?

Answer 25

Located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, considered an underwater mountain range, reaches from Iceland all the way to the East coast of South America.