Earthquakes Flashcards
Secondary effects
Landslides and tsunamis Gas leak can ignite Homeless People suffer psychological issues Water and sanitation shortage Blocked aid due to road damage Business damaged, unemployment
Primary effects
Infrastructure collapsed People injured or killed Transport damaged Gas pipes broken, leaks, cut off Electricity cut off Telephone cable destroyed Underground water supply's cut off
How are earthquakes caused?
Convection currents - move plates
Tension builds up at plate boundary
Plates eventually jerk past each other, sending shock waves
These are the earthquake
The epicentre is the point on the earths surface straight above the focus
Where do earthquakes occur
Violent earthquakes - destructive & conservative plate margins
Less violent - collision plate margins
Rarely earthquakes are on collision margins
4 different types of plate boundary ?
Destructive - oceanic plate subducted under continental, creating ocean trench. Continental folds forms mountains. Oceanic melts creating magma for volcano
Collision - continental forced over other continental, creates
fold mountains
Constructive - 2 oceanic plates move apart. Magma rises, forms new crust
Conservative - 2 plates move aside each other. Same or different directions and speed
Why do people live in earthquake prone areas
Always lived there - family & friends
Employed
Confident - government will help
Think severe earthquakes won’t happen again
How can we reduce effects?
Map past earthquakes Building - withstand earthquakes future buildings avoid areas most at risk. Fire breaks. evacuation strategies. educate people Aid
What do MEDCs do to reduce effects
Predict - more money to monitor earthquakes
Protect - spend on earthquake proof buildings
Prepare - evacuation, drills and emergency kits
What do LEDCs do to reduce effects of earthquakes
Less money spent on monitoring
Older buildings
Need aid from other countries
Why do LEDCs and MEDCs use different strategies to reduce effects of earthquakes
Economic capabilities
Why are some country’s better prepared then others
More money
Had past earthquakes
