EARTHQUAKE Term 3

Question 1

What is a earthquake

Answer 1

Shaking of the surface of Earth because of sudden release of energy

Question 2

What does an earthquake create

Answer 2

Seismic waves

Question 3

What can an earthquake range in

Answer 3

Range in size

Question 4

What is a hypocentre

Answer 4

Point of initial rupture called its focus or hypocentre

Question 5

What is a epicentre

Answer 5

Point on ground level, directly above hypocentre

Question 6

What can earthquakes cause (3)

Answer 6

* In ocean causes tunami

* landslides

* volcanoes

Question 7

Most earthquakes happen in a certain … (3)

Answer 7

* sequence

* location and

* time

Question 8

What are earthquake clusters

Answer 8

Small tremors that does no or little damage

Question 9

What is an aftershock (4)

Answer 9

* earthquake that happen after previous earthquake/main shock

* same region as main shock but smaller scale

* plates settle after main shock and causes aftershock

Question 10

How many earthquakes per year and how many can be felt

Answer 10

500 000 and only 100 000 can be felt

Question 11

Why do seismic stations register more E-quakes?

Answer 11

bc of improve instrumentation

Question 12

Where does most E-quakes take place (3)

Answer 12

40 000 km long horseshoe shape zone = pacific ring of fire

Question 13

What are the effects of an E-quake?

Answer 13

* shaking and ground rupture

* landslide/avalanches

* fire

* tsunamis

* floods

Question 14

Explain shaking and ground rupture (4)

Answer 14

Main effect of E-quake = damage of building/infastructure Damage depens on:

* Magnatude

* Distance of Epicentre

* Topography of land

Question 15

Explain Landslides and Avalanches with E-quakes

Answer 15

Landslides are when Slope instability happens whenE-quakesServere stormsVolcanosBig wavesWild Fires

Question 16

Why do emergency personnel face problems during landslides and avalanches

Answer 16

Because trying to rescue people is dangerous because instability of the area.

Question 17

Discuss fire caused by E-quakes

Answer 17

Fires start because E-quakes damage electrical and gas lines

Stopping fires are difficult as water lines are damaged

Question 18

In which E-quake did more people die of fire than the E-quake?

Answer 18

1906 San Fransisco E-quake

Question 19

Discuss Tsunamis during E-quakes

Answer 19

* Tsunamis are long waves created by sudden movement of large volumes of water

* Travel at 600 - 800 km p hour

* Distance between wave crest 100 km

* This wave period vary from 5 min to 1 hour

Question 20

Why does Tsunamis happen

Answer 20

Because e-Quake happens in crust below ocean

Question 21

Why is Tsunamis so dangerous

Answer 21

It destroys every thing in its path, harbours, coastal cities buildings farms ect.

Question 22

What is a flood

Answer 22

When a dam or river overflows because the water is more than what the dam of river can hold.

Water now flows where the land used to be dry

Question 23

What can cause floods

Answer 23

E-quakes that break dam walls

E-quake that change direction of a river