Earthquake

Question 1

fault

Answer 1

(of a rock formation) be broken by a fault or faults.

Question 2

Ring of Fire

Answer 2

The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.

Question 3

transform / strike-slip

Answer 3

Transform faults are closely related to transcurrent faults and are commonly confused. Both types of fault are strike-slip or side-to-side in movement

Question 4

divergent / normal

Answer 4

Divergence is the tendency to diverge from the norm which is, in this case, the mindset and way of thinking the factions are meant for.

Question 5

convergent / reverse

Answer 5

Hanging wall is
pushed up and over
the footwall

Question 6

P-waves

Answer 6

the two main types of elastic body waves

Question 7

s-waves

Answer 7

secondary waves, or shear waves (sometimes called an elastic S-wave) are a type of elastic wave,

Question 8

epicenter

Answer 8

the point on the earth’s surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.

Question 9

focus

Answer 9

the center of interest or activity.

Question 10

Richter scale

Answer 10

The Richter magnitude scale assigns a magnitude number to quantify the size of an earthquake. The Richter scale, developed in the 1930s, is a base-10 logarithmic scale in order to cover the huge range of earthquakes.

Question 11

explosive volcano

Answer 11

the magma can form lava flows, which we call effusive eruptions. Whether an eruption is explosive or effusive largely depends upon the amount of gas in the magma.

Question 12

nonexplosive volcano

Answer 12

Because the composition of magma is different in different volcanoes, the properties of the lava are different. In effusive eruptions, lava flows are relatively calm and do not explode out of the volcano.

Question 13

Krakatoa

Answer 13

is a volcanic island situated in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung.

Question 14

Yellowstone supervolcano

Answer 14

The Yellowstone Caldera is a volcanic caldera and supervolcano in Yellowstone National Park in the Western United States, sometimes referred to as the Yellowstone Supervolcano.

Question 15

San Andreas fault

Answer 15

The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers through California. It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, and its motion is right-lateral strike-slip

Question 16

Mid-oceanic ridge

Answer 16

A mid-ocean ridge is an underwater mountain system formed by plate tectonics. It consists of various mountains linked in chains, typically having a valley known as a rift running along its spine.

Question 17

shield volcano

Answer 17

A shield volcano is a type of volcano usually built almost entirely of fluid lava flows. They are named for their low profile, resembling a warrior’s shield lying on the ground.

Question 18

cinder cone volcano

Answer 18

A cinder cone or scoria cone is a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as either volcanic clinkers, cinders, volcanic ash, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent.

Question 19

composite volcano

Answer 19

A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash.

Question 20

hot spot

Answer 20

Mantle plumes are areas of hot, upwelling mantle.