Earth Science B Quiz #4 Flashcards
What is a tear-shaped pile of glacial sediment?
Drumlin.
What is an aquifer with impermeable layers above and below?
Confined.
Will melting sea ice raise sea levels?
No.
Glacial ____ is unsorted sediment associated with a glacier.
Till.
Area of a glacier where snowing is greater than melting?
Accumulation.
We care about the porosity of rocks because it lets us know how much ____ can be held?
Water.
Glaciers are found at high latitudes and ___?
Altitudes.
The line of __________ is the boundary between the zones of accumulation and ablation?
Equilibrium.
The type of aquifer which is most likely to be contaminated?
Unconfined.
The aquifers under Ottawa County are getting lower because it is being pumped faster than they can _____?
Recharge.
Area of a glacier where melting is greater than snowing?
Ablation.
Glacial sediment that is left at the end or sides of a glacier?
Moraine.
A unit of permeable and porous rock that contains water?
Aquifer.
Porosity is the amount of pore _____ within rock.
Space.
Permeability is how well water will ____ through rocks.
Flow.
Glaciers are always _____.
Moving.
Glaciers flow downhill because of ______.
Gravity.
What is porosity?
The amount of pore space in sediment.
What is permeability?
The ability of materials for water to pass through.
What are some factors that affect surface runoff?
Type of soil, condition of the soil, slope, plant cover (infiltration, interception).
What factors affect porosity?
Shape, sorting, packing.
What factors affect permeability?
grain size, sorting, connectedness.
Rounded rocks and sediment have a (low or high) porosity.
High.
Unsorted rocks and sediment have a (low or high) porosity.
Low.
Loosely packed rocks and sediment have a (low or high) porosity.
High.
Large gravel has a (low or high) permeability.
High.
Nonporous materials can be permeable. (true or false)
True - Water may pass through the cracks that develop over time.
Pumice is highly porous but impermeable. (true or false)
True - many pores but not connected.
Sand has a higher porosity than clay. (true or false)
False.
What are some common causes of groundwater/surface water contamination?
Industrial waste, sewage/wastewater, fossil fuels/gasoline, fertilizers/pesticides, road salts, bacteria/viruses.
What is a continental glacier?
This type of glacier covers large continent-sized areas with huge ice sheets.
What is a valley glacier?
Forms high in the mountains move within valley walls, and are relatively small.
What is a glacier?
A large mass of moving ice and snow.
What happens when a glacier advances?
A glacier grows (advances) when it accumulates more ice than it loses from melting or calving.
What happens when a glacier retreats?
It moves backward and the glacier shrinks. The winter snowfall is less than the summer snowmelt.
What is sea ice?
Frozen sea water that floats on the ocean’s surface. It forms in the winter and retreats in the summer. Keeps the polar regions cool and regulates temperatures globally.
What are 2 types of aquifers?
confined and unconfined.
What is a confined aquifer?
Water sealed between 2 impermeable layers.
What is an unconfined aquifer?
An aquifer open to earth’s surface(permeable). The bottom of the aquifer is the impermeable.
What types of sediment make good aquifers?
Sandstone, fractured rock, gravel, etc.
What types of sediment make poor aquifers?
Solid rock such as granite, schist, etc.
What is the Line of Equilibrium?
The space/line between the zone of accumulation and the zone of ablation.
Where are most of the glaciers in the world found?
high altitudes, high latitudes.
