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Earth Science > Earth Science B Quiz #4 > Flashcards

Earth Science B Quiz #4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a tear-shaped pile of glacial sediment?

A

Drumlin.

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2
Q

What is an aquifer with impermeable layers above and below?

A

Confined.

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3
Q

Will melting sea ice raise sea levels?

A

No.

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4
Q

Glacial ____ is unsorted sediment associated with a glacier.

A

Till.

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5
Q

Area of a glacier where snowing is greater than melting?

A

Accumulation.

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6
Q

We care about the porosity of rocks because it lets us know how much ____ can be held?

A

Water.

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7
Q

Glaciers are found at high latitudes and ___?

A

Altitudes.

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8
Q

The line of __________ is the boundary between the zones of accumulation and ablation?

A

Equilibrium.

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9
Q

The type of aquifer which is most likely to be contaminated?

A

Unconfined.

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10
Q

The aquifers under Ottawa County are getting lower because it is being pumped faster than they can _____?

A

Recharge.

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11
Q

Area of a glacier where melting is greater than snowing?

A

Ablation.

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12
Q

Glacial sediment that is left at the end or sides of a glacier?

A

Moraine.

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13
Q

A unit of permeable and porous rock that contains water?

A

Aquifer.

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14
Q

Porosity is the amount of pore _____ within rock.

A

Space.

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15
Q

Permeability is how well water will ____ through rocks.

A

Flow.

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16
Q

Glaciers are always _____.

A

Moving.

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17
Q

Glaciers flow downhill because of ______.

A

Gravity.

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18
Q

What is porosity?

A

The amount of pore space in sediment.

19
Q

What is permeability?

A

The ability of materials for water to pass through.

20
Q

What are some factors that affect surface runoff?

A

Type of soil, condition of the soil, slope, plant cover (infiltration, interception).

21
Q

What factors affect porosity?

A

Shape, sorting, packing.

22
Q

What factors affect permeability?

A

grain size, sorting, connectedness.

23
Q

Rounded rocks and sediment have a (low or high) porosity.

A

High.

24
Q

Unsorted rocks and sediment have a (low or high) porosity.

A

Low.

25
Q

Loosely packed rocks and sediment have a (low or high) porosity.

A

High.

26
Q

Large gravel has a (low or high) permeability.

A

High.

27
Q

Nonporous materials can be permeable. (true or false)

A

True - Water may pass through the cracks that develop over time.

28
Q

Pumice is highly porous but impermeable. (true or false)

A

True - many pores but not connected.

29
Q

Sand has a higher porosity than clay. (true or false)

A

False.

30
Q

What are some common causes of groundwater/surface water contamination?

A

Industrial waste, sewage/wastewater, fossil fuels/gasoline, fertilizers/pesticides, road salts, bacteria/viruses.

31
Q

What is a continental glacier?

A

This type of glacier covers large continent-sized areas with huge ice sheets.

32
Q

What is a valley glacier?

A

Forms high in the mountains move within valley walls, and are relatively small.

33
Q

What is a glacier?

A

A large mass of moving ice and snow.

34
Q

What happens when a glacier advances?

A

A glacier grows (advances) when it accumulates more ice than it loses from melting or calving.

35
Q

What happens when a glacier retreats?

A

It moves backward and the glacier shrinks. The winter snowfall is less than the summer snowmelt.

36
Q

What is sea ice?

A

Frozen sea water that floats on the ocean’s surface. It forms in the winter and retreats in the summer. Keeps the polar regions cool and regulates temperatures globally.

37
Q

What are 2 types of aquifers?

A

confined and unconfined.

38
Q

What is a confined aquifer?

A

Water sealed between 2 impermeable layers.

39
Q

What is an unconfined aquifer?

A

An aquifer open to earth’s surface(permeable). The bottom of the aquifer is the impermeable.

40
Q

What types of sediment make good aquifers?

A

Sandstone, fractured rock, gravel, etc.

41
Q

What types of sediment make poor aquifers?

A

Solid rock such as granite, schist, etc.

42
Q

What is the Line of Equilibrium?

A

The space/line between the zone of accumulation and the zone of ablation.

43
Q

Where are most of the glaciers in the world found?

A

high altitudes, high latitudes.

Earth Science (6 decks)

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