Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Earth Science > Flashcards

Earth Science Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Minerals

A

a substance obtained by mining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

lithosphere

A

the rigid outer part of the earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

magma

A

hot fluid or semi-fluid material below the earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

sediments

A

matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lava

A

hot and boiling and is inside of a valcono

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

igneous rocks

A

Extrusive igneous rocks, also known as volcanic rocks, are formed at the crust’s surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

extrusive rocks

A

Extrusive igneous rocks form when magma reaches the Earth’s surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pumice

A

a very light and porous volcanic rock formed when a gas-rich froth of glassy lava solidifies rapidly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

scoria

A

basaltic lava ejected as fragments from a volcano, typically with a frothy texture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

abrasive

A

capable of polishing or cleaning a hard surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Basalt

A

a dark fine-grained volcanic rock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Obsidian

A

A hard, dark, glass-like volcanic rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

batholiths

A

a very large igneous intrusion extending to an unknown depth in the earth’s crust.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Granite

A

a very hard, granular, crystalline, igneous rock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Talc

A

a white, grey, or pale green soft mineral with a greasy feel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gypsum

A

a soft white or grey mineral consisting of hydrated calcium sulphate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Calcite

A

a white or colourless mineral consisting of calcium carbonate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Apatite

A

widely occurring pale green to purple mineral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Feldspar

A

an abundant rock-forming mineral typically occurring as colourless or pale-coloured crystals

20
Q

Quartz

A

a hard mineral consisting of silica and found widely in igneous and metamorphic rocks

21
Q

Becal/Topaz

A

precious stone, typically colourless, yellow, or pale blue.

22
Q

Corundum

A

extremely hard crystallized alumina, used as an abrasive.

23
Q

sandstone

A

sedimentary rock consisting of sand or quartz grains cemented together, typically red, yellow, or brown in colour.

24
Q

shale

A

soft finely stratified sedimentary rock that formed from consolidated mud or clay and can be split easily into fragile plates.

25
Q

conglomerate

A

a coarse-grained sedimentary rock composed of rounded fragments embedded in a matrix of cementing material such as silica.

26
Q

mud-stone

A

a dark sedimentary rock formed from consolidated mud and lacking the lamination of shale.

27
Q

coal

A

a combustible black or dark brown rock consisting chiefly of carbonized plant matter, found mainly in underground seams and used as fuel.

28
Q

limestone

A

a hard sedimentary rock, composed mainly of calcium carbonate or dolomite, used as building material and in the making of cement.

29
Q

Rock salt

A

common salt occurring naturally as a mineral; halite.

30
Q

metamorphism

A

alteration of the composition or structure of a rock by heat, pressure, or other natural agency.

31
Q

metamorphic rocks

A

rock formed from another rock that has been under great heat or pressure (or both)

32
Q

slate

A

a fine-grained grey, green, or bluish-purple metamorphic rock easily split into smooth, flat plates.

33
Q

Marble

A

a hard crystalline metamorphic form of limestone, typically white with coloured mottling or streaks, which may be polished and is used in sculpture and architecture.

34
Q

gneiss

A

a metamorphic rock with a banded or foliated structure, typically coarse-grained and consisting mainly of feldspar, quartz, and mica.

35
Q

erosion

A

the wearing away and removal of soil and rock by natural elements, such as wind, waves, rivers and ice, and by human activity.

36
Q

Silt-stone

A

a sedimentary rock with a particle size between that of sandstone and mud-stone.

37
Q

mineral ores

A

rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical within them

38
Q

mining

A

extraction of natural resources from the Earth

39
Q

environmental impact statement (EIS)

A

study of the possible effects of a planned project on the environment

40
Q

overburden

A

waste rock removed from below the topsoil. This rock is replaced when the area is restored.

41
Q

open-cut mining

A

mining that scours out soil and rocks on the surface of the land

42
Q

underground mining

A

mining that uses shafts and tunnels to remove rock from deep below the surface

43
Q

Stone Age

A

the time beginning about two million years ago during which early humans made implements of stone

44
Q

alloy

A

a mixture of a metal with a non-metal or another metal

45
Q

flint

A

a fine-grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken

46
Q

percussion flaking

A

a process in which tool stones such as flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones, such as quartzite, to shear large flakes that could be used to make small tools

Science (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions