Cardiovascular

Question 1

Blood

Answer 1

the red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans and other vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body.

Question 2

Vessels

Answer 2

a hollow container, especially one used to hold liquid, such as a bowl or cask

Question 3

heart

Answer 3

a hollow muscular organ that pumps the blood through the circulatory system by rhythmic contraction and dilation. In vertebrates there may be up to four chambers (as in humans), with two atria and two ventricles.

Question 4

deoxygenated

Answer 4

remove oxygen from.

Question 5

oxygenated

Answer 5

supplied, treated, or enriched with oxygen.

Question 6

erythrocytes

Answer 6

red blood cells

Question 7

leucocytes

Answer 7

white blood cells

Question 8

plasma

Answer 8

the yellowish, liquid part of blood that contains water, minerals, food and wastes from cells

Question 9

haemoglobin

Answer 9

the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen

Question 10

red blood cells

Answer 10

living cells in the blood that transport oxygen to all other living cells in the body

Question 11

oxyhaemoglobin

Answer 11

haemoglobin with oxygen molecules attached

Question 12

white blood cells

Answer 12

living cells that fight bacteria and viruses as part of the human body’s immune system

Question 13

circulatory system

Answer 13

the body system that circulates oxygen in blood to all the cells of the body. The circulatory system consists of the heart, the blood vessels and blood.

Question 14

arteries

Answer 14

hollow tubes (vessels) with thick walls carrying blood pumped from the heart to other body parts

Question 15

veins

Answer 15

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart. They have valves and thinner walls than arteries.

Question 16

capillaries

Answer 16

minute tubes carrying blood to body cells. Every cell of the body is supplied with blood through capillaries.

Question 17

oxygenated blood

Answer 17

describes the bright red blood that has been supplied with oxygen in the lungs

Question 18

deoxygenated blood

Answer 18

describes blood from which some oxygen has been removed

Question 19

vena cava

Answer 19

large vein leading into the top right chamber of the heart

Question 20

left atrium

Answer 20

upper left section of the heart where oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the heart

Question 21

right atrium

Answer 21

upper right section of the heart where deoxygenated blood from the body enters

Question 22

left ventricle

Answer 22

lower left section of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body

Question 23

right ventricle

Answer 23

lower right section of the heart, which pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 24

valves

Answer 24

flap-like folds in the lining of a blood vessel or other hollow organ that allow a liquid, such as blood, to flow in one direction only

Question 25

‘lub dub’

Answer 25

‘lub dub’ the sound made by the heart valves as they close

Question 26

blood pressure

Answer 26

measures how strongly the blood is pumped through the body’s main arteries

Question 27

systolic pressure

Answer 27

the higher blood pressure reading during contraction of the heart muscles

Question 28

diastolic pressure

Answer 28

the lower blood pressure reading during relaxation of the heart muscles

Question 29

heartbeat

Answer 29

contraction of the heart muscle occurring about 60–100 times per minute

Question 30

pulse

Answer 30

alternating contraction and expansion of arteries due to the pumping of blood by the heart

Question 31

pacemaker

Answer 31

electronic device inserted in the chest to keep the heart beating regularly at the correct rate. It works by stimulating the heart with tiny electrical impulses.

Question 32

cardiac muscle

Answer 32

special kind of muscle in the heart that never tires. It is involved in pumping blood through the heart.