Earth, Moon, Sun relations quiz

Question 1

satellite

Answer 1

a body that orbits a planet

Question 2

planet

Answer 2

an object that orbits the sun

Question 3

meteors

Answer 3

the streak of light produced when a small object burns up entering Earth’s atmosphere

Question 4

comet

Answer 4

a cold mixture of dust and ice that gives off along trail of light as it approaches the sun

Question 5

Star

Answer 5

a giant ball of hot gas mainly composed of hydrogen and helium

Question 6

constellation

Answer 6

a pattern or a group of stars that people imagined to represent a figure, animal, or object

Question 7

how do objects move in the sky

Answer 7

they move over a period of time

Question 8

axis

Answer 8

an imaginary line that passes through Earths center and the North and South poles

Question 9

rotation

Answer 9

the spinning of Earth on its axis

Question 10

what does Earth’s rotation cause

Answer 10

day/night

Question 11

revolution

Answer 11

the movement of one object around another

Question 12

orbit

Answer 12

Earth’s path around the sun

Question 13

what is one revolution around the sun

Answer 13

1 year (365.24) days

Question 14

calendar

Answer 14

a system of organizing time that defines the beginning, length, and divisions of a year

Question 15

what causes seasons

Answer 15

earth’s tilted axis

Question 16

solstice

Answer 16

when the sun hits the tropic of cancer (summer) and the tropic of capricorn (winter)

Question 17

equinox

Answer 17

when the sun hits the equator at a 90 degree angle

Question 18

what does gravity do?

Answer 18

attracts all objects toward each other

Question 19

law of UNIVERSAL gravitation

Answer 19

states that every object in the universe attracts every other object

Question 20

what 2 factors depends on the strength of the force of gravity

Answer 20

masses of objects and distance between those objects

Question 21

mass

Answer 21

the amount of matter in an object

Question 22

the measure of the force of gravity in an object is called

Answer 22

weight

Question 23

inertia

Answer 23

the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

Question 24

Newtons first law of motion

Answer 24

says that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted on by a force

Question 25

phases

Answer 25

the different of the moon you see from Earth are called

Question 26

eclipse

Answer 26

when an object in space comes between the sun and a third object, it casts a shadow on that object, causing an eclipse

Question 27

solar eclipse

Answer 27

when the moon comes directly between earth and the sun blocking sunlight from Earth

Question 28

umbra

Answer 28

the very darkest part of the moons shadow

Question 29

penumbra

Answer 29

the largest part of the shadow is called the

Question 30

when does it occur: lunar eclipse

Answer 30

occurs at a full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun

Question 31

tides

Answer 31

the rise and fall of ocean water that occurs every 12.5 hours or so

Question 32

spring tide

Answer 32

a tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides is called a

Question 33

what does the tide cycle do

Answer 33

The force of gravity pulls the moon and Earth (including Earth's water) toward each other

Question 34

neap tides

Answer 34

The sun's pull is at right angles to the moons pull.

Question 35

what happens at a full moon

Answer 35

the moon and the sun are at opposite sides of the Earth

Question 36

what causes tides

Answer 36

tides are mainly caused by differences in how much gravity from the moon and the sun pulls on different parts of each

Question 37

what are dark flat areas on the moon?

Answer 37

maria

Question 38

what are large round pits on the moon?

Answer 38

craters

Question 39

what were the craters caused by?

Answer 39

meteroids

Question 40

what are meteoroids?

Answer 40

chunks of rock or dust from space

Question 41

what are highlands?

Answer 41

some of the light colored features you can see on the moon's surface are known as highlands or mountains

Question 42

how is an object kept in orbit?

Answer 42

gravity and motion

Question 43

what is the darkest part of the moon's shadow/

Answer 43

the Umbra

Question 44

co accretion hypothesis

Answer 44

that the moon formed from dust/gasses 4+ billion years ago

Question 45

fission hypothesis

Answer 45

That the Earth was spinning so fast and a piece spun off and formed the moon

Question 46

capture hypothesis

Answer 46

That it was formed somewhere else in the solar system and Earth's gravity captured it

Question 47

collision hypothesis

Answer 47

A large celestial body about the size of mars collided into Earth and made the moon

Question 48

force

Answer 48

a push or pull exerted on an object

Question 49

density

Answer 49

mass/volume

Question 50

weight

Answer 50

the measure of force of gravity on an object

Question 51

how many days is one moon cycle

Answer 51

29.5 days rounded to 30

Question 52

1st phases

Answer 52

new moon

Question 53

2nd phases

Answer 53

waxing crescent

Question 54

3rd phases

Answer 54

1st quarter

Question 55

full - new moon

Answer 55

14.75 rounded to 15

Question 56

4th phases

Answer 56

waxing gibbus

Question 57

5th phase

Answer 57

full moon

Question 58

6th phase

Answer 58

waning gibbus

Question 59

7th phases

Answer 59

3rd quarter (last quarter)

Question 60

8th phase

Answer 60

waning crescent

Question 61

when does the sun hit the tropic of capricorn

Answer 61

summer

Question 62

when does the sun hit the tropic of cancer

Answer 62

winter