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science 6th grade > Earth, Moon, Sun relations quiz > Flashcards

Earth, Moon, Sun relations quiz Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

satellite

A

a body that orbits a planet

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2
Q

planet

A

an object that orbits the sun

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3
Q

meteors

A

the streak of light produced when a small object burns up entering Earth’s atmosphere

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4
Q

comet

A

a cold mixture of dust and ice that gives off along trail of light as it approaches the sun

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5
Q

Star

A

a giant ball of hot gas mainly composed of hydrogen and helium

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6
Q

constellation

A

a pattern or a group of stars that people imagined to represent a figure, animal, or object

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7
Q

how do objects move in the sky

A

they move over a period of time

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8
Q

axis

A

an imaginary line that passes through Earths center and the North and South poles

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9
Q

rotation

A

the spinning of Earth on its axis

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10
Q

what does Earth’s rotation cause

A

day/night

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11
Q

revolution

A

the movement of one object around another

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12
Q

orbit

A

Earth’s path around the sun

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13
Q

what is one revolution around the sun

A

1 year (365.24) days

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14
Q

calendar

A

a system of organizing time that defines the beginning, length, and divisions of a year

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15
Q

what causes seasons

A

earth’s tilted axis

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16
Q

solstice

A

when the sun hits the tropic of cancer (summer) and the tropic of capricorn (winter)

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17
Q

equinox

A

when the sun hits the equator at a 90 degree angle

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18
Q

what does gravity do?

A

attracts all objects toward each other

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19
Q

law of UNIVERSAL gravitation

A

states that every object in the universe attracts every other object

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20
Q

what 2 factors depends on the strength of the force of gravity

A

masses of objects and distance between those objects

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21
Q

mass

A

the amount of matter in an object

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22
Q

the measure of the force of gravity in an object is called

A

weight

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23
Q

inertia

A

the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion

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24
Q

Newtons first law of motion

A

says that an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted on by a force

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25
Q

phases

A

the different of the moon you see from Earth are called

26
Q

eclipse

A

when an object in space comes between the sun and a third object, it casts a shadow on that object, causing an eclipse

27
Q

solar eclipse

A

when the moon comes directly between earth and the sun blocking sunlight from Earth

28
Q

umbra

A

the very darkest part of the moons shadow

29
Q

penumbra

A

the largest part of the shadow is called the

30
Q

when does it occur: lunar eclipse

A

occurs at a full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun

31
Q

tides

A

the rise and fall of ocean water that occurs every 12.5 hours or so

32
Q

spring tide

A

a tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides is called a

33
Q

what does the tide cycle do

A

The force of gravity pulls the moon and Earth (including Earth’s water) toward each other

34
Q

neap tides

A

The sun’s pull is at right angles to the moons pull.

35
Q

what happens at a full moon

A

the moon and the sun are at opposite sides of the Earth

36
Q

what causes tides

A

tides are mainly caused by differences in how much gravity from the moon and the sun pulls on different parts of each

37
Q

what are dark flat areas on the moon?

A

maria

38
Q

what are large round pits on the moon?

A

craters

39
Q

what were the craters caused by?

A

meteroids

40
Q

what are meteoroids?

A

chunks of rock or dust from space

41
Q

what are highlands?

A

some of the light colored features you can see on the moon’s surface are known as highlands or mountains

42
Q

how is an object kept in orbit?

A

gravity and motion

43
Q

what is the darkest part of the moon’s shadow/

A

the Umbra

44
Q

co accretion hypothesis

A

that the moon formed from dust/gasses 4+ billion years ago

45
Q

fission hypothesis

A

That the Earth was spinning so fast and a piece spun off and formed the moon

46
Q

capture hypothesis

A

That it was formed somewhere else in the solar system and Earth’s gravity captured it

47
Q

collision hypothesis

A

A large celestial body about the size of mars collided into Earth and made the moon

48
Q

force

A

a push or pull exerted on an object

49
Q

density

A

mass/volume

50
Q

weight

A

the measure of force of gravity on an object

51
Q

how many days is one moon cycle

A

29.5 days rounded to 30

52
Q

1st phases

A

new moon

53
Q

2nd phases

A

waxing crescent

54
Q

3rd phases

A

1st quarter

55
Q

full - new moon

A

14.75 rounded to 15

56
Q

4th phases

A

waxing gibbus

57
Q

5th phase

A

full moon

58
Q

6th phase

A

waning gibbus

59
Q

7th phases

A

3rd quarter (last quarter)

60
Q

8th phase

A

waning crescent

61
Q

when does the sun hit the tropic of capricorn

A

summer

62
Q

when does the sun hit the tropic of cancer

A

winter

science 6th grade (7 decks)

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