Earth in Motion chapter review Flashcards
Earth’s core
The innermost layer of Earth
Earth’s mantle
The part of the earth between the core and the the crust. The mantle is made up of magma and rock. The mantle is responsible for plate tectonics.
Earth’s crust
The thin outer layer of the Earth. The crust consists of oceanic plates and continental plates.
plates
The pieces of Earth’s crust that float on the mantle and move in relation to each other. This is called plate tectonics.
Pangaea
Once, all continents were one giant supercontinent. Pangea is the name of this supercontinent.
earthquake
Shaking and vibration at the surface of the Earth resulting from underground movement along a plate boundaries.
epicenter
The point on the Earth’s surface where the earthquake is the strongest.
magnitude
The strength of an earthquake determined (measured) by the Richter scale.
volcano
A place where liquid rock and gases flow out from the Earth’s mantle (magma).
lava
Liquid magma that reaches the surface.
crater
The place where the magma comes out and changes into lava is called the crater.
mid-ocean ridge
Volcanic areas in shallow ocean where plates diverge (move apart).
tsunami
A giant wave usually caused by an earthquake beneath the ocean floor.
coastline
The place where the land meets the ocean or sea.
geology
The science dealing with the earth’s history as recorded in rocks.
