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H.E > Earth and Science > Flashcards

Earth and Science Flashcards

1
Q

The three Origin of the Universe

A
  1. Big Bang Theory
  2. Steady State Theory
  3. Pulsating Theory
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2
Q

Who is the father of the Big Bang Theory?

A

George Lemaitre

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3
Q

He was an early advocate and developer of Lemaître’s Big Bang theory.
(Universe Expansion)

A

George Gamow

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4
Q

Earth is assumed to be at the center of it all.

A

Geocentric Model

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5
Q

The planet Earth was the center of the universe and all of the other planets, stars, and the Sun revolved, or circled, around it.

A

Ptolemaic Model

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6
Q

Earth and Planets revolve around the Sun.

A

Heliocentric Model

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7
Q

He created the theory of Heliocentric which means, Earth and Planets revolve around the Sun.

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

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8
Q

He made accurate observations of the stars and planets.

A

Tycho Brahe

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9
Q

He discovered that the earth and planets travel about the sun in elliptical motion.

A

Johannes Kepler

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10
Q

He gave 3 fundamental laws of planetary motion. (Law of Motion)

A

Johannes Kepler

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11
Q

It formed about 380,000 years after the Big Bang and imprinted on it are -traces of the seeds- from which the stars and galaxies we can see today eventually formed.

A

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)

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12
Q

The 5 Celestial Bodies

A
  1. Stars
  2. Planets
  3. Comets
  4. Meteoroids
  5. Satellite
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13
Q

Collapse under the force of gravity. (Dust, Clouds)

A

Nebula Clouds

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14
Q

Dust and Gasses

A

Nebula

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15
Q

A system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction.

A

Galaxy

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16
Q

Located in the Milky Way Galaxy
The collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit around the sun, together with smaller bodies in the form of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets. The planets of the solar system are (in order of distance from the sun) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune

A

Solar System

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17
Q

From the Origin of Universe:
Cyclic Event (the universe goes through regular cycles of expansion and destruction.)
Continues expansion and contraction in universe.

A

Pulsating Theory

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18
Q

Is an all space-time, matter and energy including the solar system, all stars and galaxies and content of intergalactic space, regarded as a whole.

A

Universe

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19
Q

From the Origin of Universe:
Continues expansion and contraction in universe.

A

Pulsating Theory

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20
Q

From the Origin of Universe:
Explode and expand again

A

Pulsating theory

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21
Q

Origin of the Universe:
It states that the counting of the galaxies in our universe is constant and new galaxies which are forming continuously are filling the empty spaces which are created by those heavenly bodies which have crossed the boundary lines of observable Universe.

A

Steady State Theory

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22
Q

Origin of the Universe:
This theory proposes that the overall structure of the universe is always the same at any point in time and space. This structure is maintained even when certain events, such as birth of new stars, occur. It is balanced by the death of old stars.

A

Steady State Theory

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23
Q

Origin of the Universe:

It proposes that the entire universe was once condensed in a very small and compact particle called primeval nucleus.

A

Big Bang Theory

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24
Q

Origin of the Universe:

It is estimated about 20 billion years ago, primeval Nucleus suddenly exploded in a big bang.
The force of this explosion caused matter to scatter in any direction forming a universe.

A

Big Bang Theory

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25
Q

_____________ suddenly exploded in a big bang

A

primeval nucleus

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26
Q

“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.”

A

Genesis 1:1

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27
Q

Need to Memorize:
Primeval Nucleus -> Cosmic Microwave Background -> Cosmic Egg -> Galaxy -> Solar System
->planetesimal, Protoplanet, Proto Sun -> Nebula Clouds -> Celestial Bodies

A

Primeval Nucleus
Cosmic Microwave Background
Cosmic Egg
Galaxy
Solar System
-planetesimal, Protoplanet, Proto Sun
Nebula Clouds
Celestial Bodies

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28
Q

What are the 2 models of the solar system?

A
  1. Geocentric Model
  2. Heliocentric Model
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29
Q

(From Big Bang Theory)
It believed that the “age of the universe”—is

A

13.7 or 13.8 billion years

30
Q

What are the Eight planets of the Solar system

A
  1. Mercury
  2. Venus
  3. Earth
  4. Mars
  5. Jupiter
  6. Saturn
  7. Uranus
  8. Neptune
31
Q

This Galaxy where our Solar System is Located

32
Q

The Earth Four Subsystems

A
  1. Hydrosphere
  2. Geosphere
  3. Atmosphere
  4. Biosphere
33
Q

living things within an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, and bacteria

34
Q

non-living components, such as water, soil and atmosphere.

35
Q

What is “O” in Ozone Layer

36
Q

How many percent are in Saltwater?

37
Q

How many percent is the Fresh water?

38
Q

Where can we find the ozone layer?

A

Stratosphere

39
Q

What is Organic?

40
Q

What is Microorganism?

41
Q

Solid part of the Earth

42
Q

The Blue planet/ Water planet that part of our Earth Subsystem.

A

Hydrosphere

43
Q

The layers of gases surrounding planet earth.

A

Atmosphere

44
Q

Which does not belong?
a.Big Bang Theory C. Oscillating Theory
b. Solar Nebular Theory D. Steady state Theory

45
Q

CMB means?

A

Cosmic Microwave Background

46
Q

In what layer of the atmosphere, many satellites orbit?

47
Q

What is the largest part of the earth?

A

Hydrosphere

48
Q

Who discover the phenomenon of Expansion?

A

Edwin Hubble

49
Q

In the troposphere, as the altitude rise, what happen to the temperature?

50
Q

What is the importance of magnetic field?

A

It protects us from harmful UV rays.

51
Q

2 Kinds of Crust

A
  1. Continental Crust
  2. Oceanic Crust
52
Q

Part of the earth that life exist.

53
Q

It forms from the cooling of melted rock （either lava or magma into solid form.

A

Igneous rocks

54
Q

Form when existing rocks are subjective to intense heat and pressure, usually deep below the earth’s surface.

A

Metamorphic rocks

55
Q

These conditions change the original minerals of the rock into new minerals.

A

Metamorphic rocks

56
Q

Are either detrital or chemical.

A

Sedimentary rocks

57
Q

formed by the compaction of separate particles, or sediments, into a rock.

A

Detrital rocks

58
Q

Form from minerals that have been dissolved in water and precipitate out, forming a solid rock.

A

Chemical sediment rocks

59
Q

Used by geologists to identify carbonate minerals.

60
Q

It is the dense center and hottest part of earth.

61
Q

made almost entirely of iron and nickel.

62
Q

It is the mostly solid bulk of Earth’s interior.

63
Q

mostly composed of different types of granites. Geologists often refer to the rocks of the continental crust as “sial” which stands for silicate and aluminum, the most abundant minerals

A

Continental Crust

64
Q

mostly composed of different types of basalts

A

Oceanic Crust

65
Q

the outermost part of the earth and is very thin compared to the other layers. It is a part where the living organisms dwell in. It forms a very thin continuous layer that extends underneath the ocean and continents.

66
Q

a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals.

A

Rocks or Stone

67
Q

Three major types of rocks

A
  1. Igneous Rocks
  2. Metamorphic Rocks
  3. Sedimentary Rocks
68
Q

6 Layers of Earth Atmosphere:

A
  1. Exosphere
  2. Thermosphere
  3. Ionosphere
  4. Mesosphere
  5. Stratosphere
  6. Troposphere
69
Q

Borders the mantle

A

Outer Core

70
Q

Hot amd dense ball of Iron

A

Inner Core

H.E (6 decks)

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