Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Surgical skills > Early wound management > Flashcards

Early wound management Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 history questions to ask?

A
  1. duration of injury
  2. mechanism of injury
  3. estimation of blood loss
  4. treatments (thus far)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are 4 history questions to ask?

A
  1. duration of injury
  2. mechanism of injury
  3. estimation of blood loss
  4. treatments (thus far)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are recommendations for wound @ site? (b4 get to hospital)

A
  1. restrict movement
  2. garden hose lavage–decontaminate
  3. control hemorrhage (pressure bandage–don’t leave on long!)
  4. see to the case! don’t just let go to hospital
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are two aspects of patient assessment?

A
  1. systemic assessment

2. wound assessment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are three things examine to assess systemic condition of the patient?

A
  1. cardiovascular status
  2. resp status
  3. body condition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are three things to look at when assessing cardiovascular status?

A
  1. pulse
  2. mucus membrane colour
  3. capillary refill time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does a good pulse indicate?

A

That the pressure is ok

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most significant indicator to see if animal has lost a significant amount of blood?

A

mucus membrane colour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why is it hard to assess cardiovascular state during hemorrhage?

A
  1. heart rate is up

2. PCV and protein will not change for a few hours (until fluid compartments are reestablished)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the golden period?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Is the golden period longer on the head and body or on the limbs?

A

longer on the head and body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are three ways to examine a wound?

A
  1. visual examination
  2. digital examination (gloves)
  3. diagnostic imaging
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can you find out about a wound by looking at it?

A
  1. location of wound
  2. extent of injury
  3. age of wound
  4. condition of wound
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How old does a wound have to be before you see granulation tissue macroscopically?

A

4-5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do you perform a digital examination?

A
  1. sedate (small animal, maybe horse)
  2. local anesthesia
  3. sterile lube in wound
  4. clip and prep
  5. explore wound, involved structures
  6. joint evaluation (arthrocentesis, fluid injection)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can diagnostic imaging be used to do when looking at a wound?

A
  1. assess bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are recommendations for wound @ site? (b4 get to hospital)

A
  1. restrict movement
  2. garden hose lavage–decontaminate
  3. control hemorrhage (pressure bandage–don’t leave on long!)
  4. see to the case! don’t just let go to hospital
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are two aspects of patient assessment?

A
  1. systemic assessment

2. wound assessment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are three things examine to assess systemic condition of the patient?

A
  1. cardiovascular status
  2. resp status
  3. body condition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are three things to look at when assessing cardiovascular status?

A
  1. pulse
  2. mucus membrane colour
  3. capillary refill time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does a good pulse indicate?

A

That the pressure is ok

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the most significant indicator to see if animal has lost a significant amount of blood?

A

mucus membrane colour

23
Q

Why is it hard to assess cardiovascular state during hemorrhage?

A
  1. heart rate is up

2. PCV and protein will not change for a few hours (until fluid compartments are reestablished)

24
Q

What is the golden period?

25
Is the golden period longer on the head and body or on the limbs?
longer on the head and body
26
What are three ways to examine a wound?
1. visual examination 2. digital examination (gloves) 3. diagnostic imaging
27
What can you find out about a wound by looking at it?
1. location of wound 2. extent of injury 3. age of wound 4. condition of wound
28
How old does a wound have to be before you see granulation tissue macroscopically?
4-5 days
29
How do you perform a digital examination?
1. sedate (small animal, maybe horse) 2. local anesthesia 3. sterile lube in wound 4. clip and prep 5. explore wound, involved structures 6. joint evaluation (arthrocentesis, fluid injection)
30
What can diagnostic imaging be used to do when looking at a wound?
1. assess bone
31
What can diagnostic imaging be used to do when looking at a wound?
1. assess bone
32
What are three things to remember with client communication?
1. lead with best treatment option 2. may have to compromise 3. need to be upfront and honest if the client is not willing to do enough for the animal
33
What are the goals of wound debridement?
1. remove contamination 2. remove devitalized tissue 3. eliminate infection
34
What are three methods of debridement?
1. sharp dissection 2. curettage 3. irrigation
35
what is the best method of debridement?
sharp dissection
36
What is bad about devitalized tissue?
it can harbor bacteria
37
What are the goals of wound lavage?
1. remove debris | 2. reduce bacterial numbers
38
How is wound lavage performed?
1. use 3mL syringe with 20 gauge needle to get 7 psi pressure (not more or less)
39
What are three lavage instruments (some more formal than others)
1. garden hose 2. syringe 3. pulsavac
40
The ideal lavage solution has what two characteristics?
1. nonirritating | 2. bactericidal
41
What is the #1 and #2 solutions used for lavage?
1. lactated ringers | 2. saline
42
Why is lactated ringers a better choice than saline for a lavage solution
Because saline is more irritating to tissue because it has a lower pH. May not be a big deal with a large wound but may cause an issue in synovial joints
43
What are 4 solutions that can be used as lavage solutions?
1. lactated ringers 2. saline 3. povidone iodine 4. chlorhexidine
44
Why is lactated ringers a better choice than saline for a lavage solution
Because saline is more irritating to tissue because it has a lower pH. May not be a big deal with a large wound but may cause an issue in synovial joints
45
Why is povidone iodine not a good lavage solution?
it must be >1% to be bactericidal but is histotoxic at 0.5%. It inhibits neutrophil migration. It is not better than lactated ringers. However it is not irritating
46
Why is chlorhexidine not a good lavage solution?
a low level is bactericidal but an even lower level is histotoxic. It also trashes synovial structures!
47
What can chlorhexidine lavage solution be used for?
1. canine wounds 2. endometrial lavage (diluted!!) 3. mouth washes?
48
Why is chlorhexidine in trisEDTA used as a lavage solution?
the trisEDTA is a detergent and lowers the necessary % of chlorhexidine. Retains the effects of chlorhexidine and can be used in joints and wounds. may not be more efficatious
49
What lavage solution can be used to manage pseudomonas
chlorhexidine in trisEDTA
50
What are two antibiotics used in lavage solutions?
neomycin | gentocin
51
Is there evidence that antibiotics are useful in lavage solutions?
no most of the drug does not end up in the wound. put the antibiotic in AFTER lavage (closed joint or local perfusion with tournequet)
52
When are antibiotics best used in wound management?
1. prophylaxis (surgical wound) 2. cellulitis therapy 3. open synovial structure therapy 4. severe muscle injury (beta lactam to prevent clostridial myositis in horse--cattle vaccinated)
53
Who was alfred hegar?
a german gynecologist who was kind to his patients and bad tempered with his assistants

Surgical skills (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions