Early Explorers Flashcards
Who was Henry the 7th?
A Mediterranean neighbor
What did Christopher Columbus think he found when he found the Carribbean?
Asia
Who did Giovanni Caboto sail with on the Matthew?
John Cabot
What did Giovanni Caboto and John Cabot find?
New Found Land
By what year did Newfoundland become a be on for the English?
1500
Who did Cartier kidnap?
The Iroquois chief and his sons
How many people got scurvy and how many died?
All 110 got scurvy but only 25 died
What did Cartier trade furs for?
Knives and iron goods
What did Cartier find the he thought was gold and diamonds?
Quartz and pyright
What kind of fish brought everyone to Newfoundland?
Cod
Who was Lied Erikson?
A Viking explorer
What did Leif Erikson find?
L’Anse aux Meadows
Who were the Beothuks?
Newfoundland First Nations
What was spices equal to?
Wealth
Christopher Columbus arrived in North America and thought he arrived in_____
India
What was John Cabots real name?
Giovanni Cabato
What was John Cabots nationality?
Italian
Did John Cabot have an Italian name or English name?
English
Who was the English king?
Henry the 7th (VII)
What was so abundant in Newfoundland?
Cod fish
Where did Jacques Cartier sail to?
France
When did Jacques Cartier leave St.Malo?
1534
Where did Jacques Cartier leave to when he left St.Malo?
Northwest Passage
What was wealthy in Asia?
Spices
Who did Jacques Cartier discover?
Stadaconna First Nation peoples
Where did Samuel de Champlain settle in 1604/05?
Port Royal
Where did Samuel de Champlain settle in 1608?
Quebec City
In 1615 Champlain explored what river to Huronia?
St. Lawrence
What did Champlain make a deal with the Huron for?
Furs
In exchange for furs the French helped the Huron against who?
The Iroquois
What year did Jesuit priests arrive in New France?
1625
Why the Jesuit priests go to New France?
To spread Christianity (Catholicism) to the First Nation peoples
The Company of 100 Associates took control of what in 1627?
The fur trade in New France
Who arrived in New France in 1639?
Ursaline Nuns
When did the Jesuits build missions in Huronia?
1640s
In 1642 where was a catholic settlement established?
Montreal
1635-40 what killed almost half the Huron people?
A disease
In 1648/49 what killed Huron people?
An Iroquois attack
What made English return from attacking Acadia in 1654/55?
A war treaty
What made the Company of 100 associates lose control of the fur trade in 1657?
Went so far in debt, went bankrupt
What year did the Iroquois block all fur trade?
1658
What year did King Louis XIV take complete control of New France?
1663
What did King Louis XIV make New France?
A royal colony
King Louis XIV installed what as a king representative?
A governor
What did King Louis XIV install as an administrator?
An intendant
What did King Louis XIV install as a person responsible for all religious affairs?
A Bishop
Who is included in the Sovereign Council?
A governor, a bishop, and an intendant
What was New France like?
An absolute monarchy
What was New France’s structure?
An hierarchical structure
Since the King couldn’t be in 2 places at once who would be appointed?
Governor General
Who was the Governor General?
A symbol/representative of the Kings power
What was the highest official ranking in New France?
Governor General
What was the main job of a Governor General?
To make important decisions about the colony especially defense
Who was the bishop?
The representative from the Roman Catholic Church
Who did the bishop rule?
Priests and nuns
What was the bishop in charge of?
Missionaries, churches, hospitals and schools
What was an intendant similar to?
A police man
What was the job of the intendant?
To inform the king of what was happening in New France and ensure the people were getting along
What did the intendant control?
The day to day running of the colony
Were many women needed in New France? Why?
No, they were not needed for the fur trade
Who wanted to increase the population of New France?
Louis XIV
What was a dowry?
Money and goods
Who was offered a dowry?
Those marrying young and people who are having more than 10 children
Who were the first women to come to New France?
Nuns
What were women important for?
The family business
Did women have legal rights?
No
What were a women’s choices to be outside of the family?
A nun or a slave/servant/labourer
What were the 3 basic groups/rankings for women?
Nobles(seigneurs wife)
Nuns
Salves
What did filles du roi translate into English?
Daughters of the King
Who decided to pay young woman to increase population?
King Louis XIV and Jean Talon
What could merchants, ship captains, or other officials paid 10 livves (10 dollars) to bring back to New France?
Women
1663-65 how old were the women brought over to increase population?
12-45
1670 how old were the women brought over to increase population?
16-40
Where did the fighting of the 7 years war break out?
Ohio valley
What direction were English consultants big allowed to travel?
West
Where did many Acadians have to move?
France or French Louisiana
Who was captured by James Wolfe in 1758?
Louisberg
What did Wolfe threaten to destroy if wasn’t used properly?
Farms
In 1760 what was taken by the English?
Montreal
In 1763 the treaty of _____ was signed by New France
Paris
What is L’anse aux meadows?
An archeological site that represents a failed Viking colony of Norse adventures from Iceland, located in Newfoundland, Canada
When was L’anse aux meadows discovered?
1960
Who were the archaeologists that discovered L’anse aux meadows?
W. A. Munn
What did they use to search for evidence of Viking landing in North America?
Medieval Vinland Sagas
Why did the Ingstad’s call their discovery “jellyfish cove”?
A reference to the stinging jellyfish found in the bay
Name the two medieval Icelandic manuscripts pored over by W. A. Munn?
“The Greenlander Saga” and “Erik’s Saga”
Why did W. A. Munn believe that “Vinland” did not refer to grapes?
Because grapes did not grow in Newfoundland
How long was Leif’s colony in Vinland?
3 years
Why did Leif’s colony leave Vinland?
Because the local Native Americans had turned to warfare
Who were the Skarelings?
A word Norse settlers of Greenland and the Canadian Arctic have to their direct competition
