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HEENT > Ear/Nose/Sinus > Flashcards

Ear/Nose/Sinus Flashcards

1
Q

How do you treat AOM?

A

Amoxicillin - Augmenton

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2
Q

What is the complication of AOM?

A

Mastoiditis

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3
Q

How do you tx mastoiditis?

A

IV abx - Amox/Augmenten, tympanostomy/Myringotomy

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4
Q

OE tx is?

A

Topical abx + Keep dry

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5
Q

OE complication is?

A

Malignant OE

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6
Q

What is Malignant OE risk factors?

A

Diabetics

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7
Q

What is WUS and WAC

A

talk it out

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8
Q

Acoustic neuroma is a? sxs

A

Benign growth, unilateral hearing loss - epidermal cyst

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9
Q

Peripheral vertigo cause?

A

menieres

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10
Q

Central vertigo causes?

A

Tumor, AVM, multiple sclerosis

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11
Q

What is the dixhall pike test for? what is the Tx

A

Vertigo - otolith misplaced - Epley

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12
Q

Severe acute vertigo after a URI is? tx?

A

Labrinthitis, ICS

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13
Q

Tinnitus, vertigo, hearing loss is?

A

Meniere’s,

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14
Q

Meniere’s tx?

A

stop salt

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15
Q

sinusitis occurs after URI, sxs?

A

facial pain, leaning forward

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16
Q

sinusitis complications (3)

A

osteomyolitis, throbosis, orbital cellulitis

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17
Q

sinusitis tx

A

Nasal decongestant

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18
Q

sinusitis tx with abx is?

A

Amoxicillin

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19
Q

IgE is assiated with what type of sinus issue?

A

Allergic rhinitis

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20
Q

Allergic rhinitis tx is?

A

remove allergen, Cetirizine, Allegra,

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21
Q

TX of hordeolum?

A

Warm compress, I&D, Abx

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22
Q

Tx of chalazium?

A

warm compress and optho excise

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23
Q

bacterial conjuctivitis sxs and tx?

A

morning discharge - topical abx

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24
Q

viral conjuctivitis sxs

A

bilateral - cold compress

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25
Q

dacrocyctitis is where?

A

medial lower eye tx = warm compress

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26
Q

Swollen red eye, ptosis, exopthalmos, cant look side to side bc painfull

A

orbital cellulitis

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27
Q

orbital cellulitis diag?

A

CT and cultures

28
Q

orbital cellulitis tx?

A

IV antibiotics

29
Q

What bones break in blowout fx?

A

palatine, maxillary, zygomatic

30
Q

blowout fx sxs?

A

cant look up = entrapped (superior rectus)

31
Q

blowout fx diagnoses with?

A

CT and referal

32
Q

Fluorescein dye is used for?

A

FB removal, corneal abrasion

33
Q

corneal abrasion tx?

A

abx ointment + no patch

34
Q

corneal abrasion bacteria from contact lense is?

A

pseudomonas- cipro

35
Q

retinal detachment sxs?

A

floaters, flashes, curtain - acute black

36
Q

retinal detachment tx?

A

optho referral, supine

37
Q

Hyphema results from?

A

trauma and increase IOP

38
Q

Hyphema tx?

A

optho referal - elevated bed rest, Amicar/antifibrinolytic

39
Q

opacification of lense, sun exposed, gradual blurry vision is?

A

cataracts

40
Q

gradual onset of blurry vision, decreased accuity is?

A

cataracts

41
Q

Macular degeneration is the leading cause of

A

Central Vision Loss

42
Q

Gradual onset of central vision is?

A

Macular degeneration

43
Q

Drusen deposits, Vegf, laser tx is?

A

Macular degeneration

44
Q

Strabismus is? tx?

A

cross eyed, patch good eye.

45
Q

flesh Pin - mass over the eye

A

pinguecula

46
Q

Triangle growth from nasal side into corneal area?

A

pterygium - cut out

47
Q

DM, HTN, DJD is associated with

A

retinopathy

48
Q

Leading cause of blindness in the US?

A

DM retinopathy

49
Q

DM retinopathy sxs

A

microaneuryms, , retinal hemorrage, edema, exudates

50
Q

Dizziness and neuro condictions can present with?

A

Nystagmus

51
Q

swelling of optic disc and increased IOP

A

Papilledema- bilateral

52
Q

Starburst around the optic nerve is?

TX?

A

Papilledema. Acetazolimide

53
Q

Increased IOP is?

A

Glaucoma

54
Q

chronic/open glaucoma sxs?

A

older, IOP

55
Q

chronic/open glaucoma tx?

A

topical med (timolol) azetazolimide

56
Q

acute/closed glaucoma sxs

A

HA, N/V, Steamy fixed pupil, IOP

57
Q

acute/closed glaucoma tx

A

optho emergency - IV carbonic anhydrase, timolol, GTT, manitol

58
Q

optic neuritis sxs

A

Color vision and eye movement pain - Multipl sclerosis

59
Q

optic neuritis med toxicity are

A

Methanol, ethambutol

60
Q

CROA is an emergency, due to?

A

emboli, thrombus

61
Q

CROA sxs

A

Sudden painless, unilateral blind - Box-cars, cherry red spot

62
Q

CROA is associated with

A

Atherosclerosis

63
Q

CROA tx

A

emerg optho

64
Q

CRVO sxs

A

throbosis, sudden painless unilateral vision loss - blood and thunder

65
Q

CRVO or CRAO is better

A

CRVO, better prognosis

HEENT (3 decks)

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