Ear Disorders

Question 1

Ramsay hunt syndrome triad of

Answer 1

Also known as Herpes zoster oticus

o Ipsilateral facial paralysis
o Ear pain
o Vesicles in the auditory canal and auricle

Question 2

Furunculosis definition

Answer 2

also known as otitis externa circumscripta

• confined to the fibrocartilaginous portion of the external auditory meatus

• causative agent of Staphylococcus spp

Question 3

Geometrically patterned keratin plugs within the lumen of expanded ear canal (onion skin) and erosion and abnormal widening of deep osseus meatus (ballooning of EAC

Usually bilateral and may associate with bronchiectasis and chronic sinusitis

Answer 3

Keratosis Obturans/ External Ear Cholesteatoma

Question 4

Disorder who is common in warm and tropical areas with a caustaive agent of Aspergillus and Candida

Answer 4

Otomycosis

Question 5

An inflammatory or infectious condition involving the lateral surface of the tympanic membrane and the medial portion of the canal wall, Occurs in associate with URTI

Answer 5

Bullous Myringitis

Question 6

Most common isolated bacterial pathogens in AOM

Answer 6

S. pneumonia (25-50%)
H. influenza (15-30%)
M. catarrhalis (3-20)

Question 7

what muscle is lacking in a patient with cleft palate which result in ET dysfunction

Answer 7

tensor palating muscle

Question 8

Stages of OM

Mild earache, ear fullness and fever

Otoscopy: erythematous and markedly retracted TM

Answer 8

STAGE I: Stages of Hyperemia/ Retraction

Question 9

Stages of OM

This stage marks the outpouring of fluid from the dilated permeable capillaries (ME)

All symptoms are aggravated especially pain and fever

Otoscopy: red and thickened bulging with loss of light reflex

Answer 9

STAGE II: Stages of Exudation

Question 10

Stages of OM

Rupture of TM

Clinical feature: ear discharge, fever, and relief of ear pain; hearing loss (worsening)

Answer 10

STAGE III: Stages of Suppurative/Perforation

Question 11

Stages of OM

Marked by a milder recurrence of pain, mastoid tenderness and fever

Otoscopy: sagging of the posterosuperior wall

Answer 11

Stage IV Stages of Coalescence or Surgical Mastoiditis

Question 12

epidermal inclusion cysts of the middle ear of the middle ear

they contain desquamated debris (keratin) from their keratinizing, squamous epithelial lining

may be congenital or acquired

Answer 12

Chronic otitis media with Cholesteatoma

Question 13

The cholesteatoma is formed by the retraction of the tympanic membrane from the attic or part of the pars tensa (one of the two elements that make up the eardrum) that causes retraction pockets.

Answer 13

Wittmaack’s Theory

Question 14

The basal cells of germinal layer of skin proliferate under the influence of infection and lay down keratinising squamous epithelium

Answer 14

Reudi’s Theory

Question 15

The epithelium from the meatus or outer drum surface grows into the middle ear through a preexisting perforation and form cholesteatoma

Answer 15

Habermann’s Theory

Question 16

This malformation results in a flattened choclea with development of the basal turn so that instead of 2 and 1/2 there are only 1 1/2

Answer 16

Mondini’s Deafness

Question 17

Patholofically the calcified cupula is thought to fracture (Cupololithiasis) and the first attack is usally the most severe and repeated attack becomes less severe in nature

Answer 17

Benign Positional Vertigo

Question 18

This disorderes is caused by swelling of the endolymphatic compartment when reaching a pinnacle a Reissner’s membrane rupture mixing endolymph and perilymph

Answer 18

Meniere’s Disease

Question 19

Damage to tissue caused by changes in barometric pressure, as environmental pressure increase the air in the middle ear and within the ET Is compressed

Answer 19

Barotrauma

Question 20

A common hearing loss in adult with a autosomal dominant disorder can be seen in both men and women that begins to cause a progressive conductive hearing deafness early in the adulthood and this is a disease of the bony labyrinth

Answer 20

Otosclerosis

Question 21

This view value in evaluating acute mastoiditis

Answer 21

Law view

Question 22

Permits visualization of the attic or epitympanim

Answer 22

Schuller view

Question 23

A better visualization of the ossicles and epitympanic recess

Answer 23

Owens view

Question 24

it view the long axis of the petrous pyramid to demonstrate the internal auditory canal

Answer 24

Stenvers position

Question 25

Shows the petrous pyramids through the orbits, permitting direct comparison of the petrous pyramids and internal auditory canals on the same film

Answer 25

Towne view