Ear Disorders Flashcards
Ramsay hunt syndrome triad of
Also known as Herpes zoster oticus
o Ipsilateral facial paralysis
o Ear pain
o Vesicles in the auditory canal and auricle
Furunculosis definition
also known as otitis externa circumscripta
• confined to the fibrocartilaginous portion of the external auditory meatus
• causative agent of Staphylococcus spp
Geometrically patterned keratin plugs within the lumen of expanded ear canal (onion skin) and erosion and abnormal widening of deep osseus meatus (ballooning of EAC
Usually bilateral and may associate with bronchiectasis and chronic sinusitis
Keratosis Obturans/ External Ear Cholesteatoma
Disorder who is common in warm and tropical areas with a caustaive agent of Aspergillus and Candida
Otomycosis
An inflammatory or infectious condition involving the lateral surface of the tympanic membrane and the medial portion of the canal wall, Occurs in associate with URTI
Bullous Myringitis
Most common isolated bacterial pathogens in AOM
S. pneumonia (25-50%)
H. influenza (15-30%)
M. catarrhalis (3-20)
what muscle is lacking in a patient with cleft palate which result in ET dysfunction
tensor palating muscle
Stages of OM
Mild earache, ear fullness and fever
Otoscopy: erythematous and markedly retracted TM
STAGE I: Stages of Hyperemia/ Retraction
Stages of OM
This stage marks the outpouring of fluid from the dilated permeable capillaries (ME)
All symptoms are aggravated especially pain and fever
Otoscopy: red and thickened bulging with loss of light reflex
STAGE II: Stages of Exudation
Stages of OM
Rupture of TM
Clinical feature: ear discharge, fever, and relief of ear pain; hearing loss (worsening)
STAGE III: Stages of Suppurative/Perforation
Stages of OM
Marked by a milder recurrence of pain, mastoid tenderness and fever
Otoscopy: sagging of the posterosuperior wall
Stage IV Stages of Coalescence or Surgical Mastoiditis
epidermal inclusion cysts of the middle ear of the middle ear
they contain desquamated debris (keratin) from their keratinizing, squamous epithelial lining
may be congenital or acquired
Chronic otitis media with Cholesteatoma
The cholesteatoma is formed by the retraction of the tympanic membrane from the attic or part of the pars tensa (one of the two elements that make up the eardrum) that causes retraction pockets.
Wittmaack’s Theory
The basal cells of germinal layer of skin proliferate under the influence of infection and lay down keratinising squamous epithelium
Reudi’s Theory
The epithelium from the meatus or outer drum surface grows into the middle ear through a preexisting perforation and form cholesteatoma
Habermann’s Theory
This malformation results in a flattened choclea with development of the basal turn so that instead of 2 and 1/2 there are only 1 1/2
Mondini’s Deafness
Patholofically the calcified cupula is thought to fracture (Cupololithiasis) and the first attack is usally the most severe and repeated attack becomes less severe in nature
Benign Positional Vertigo
This disorderes is caused by swelling of the endolymphatic compartment when reaching a pinnacle a Reissner’s membrane rupture mixing endolymph and perilymph
Meniere’s Disease
Damage to tissue caused by changes in barometric pressure, as environmental pressure increase the air in the middle ear and within the ET Is compressed
Barotrauma
A common hearing loss in adult with a autosomal dominant disorder can be seen in both men and women that begins to cause a progressive conductive hearing deafness early in the adulthood and this is a disease of the bony labyrinth
Otosclerosis
This view value in evaluating acute mastoiditis
Law view
Permits visualization of the attic or epitympanim
Schuller view
A better visualization of the ossicles and epitympanic recess
Owens view
it view the long axis of the petrous pyramid to demonstrate the internal auditory canal
Stenvers position
Shows the petrous pyramids through the orbits, permitting direct comparison of the petrous pyramids and internal auditory canals on the same film
Towne view
