Disease of the Oral Cavity Flashcards
Blood supply of the oral cavity from the External carotid artery what are the branches?
- Facial artery
- Inferior alveolar artery
- Maxillary artery
- Infraorbital artery
- Posterior superior alveolar arteries
most common along the bite line with a microscopically apperance of a fibrous tissue covered by squamous mucosa
Irritation Fibroma
Aggregation of multinucleated foreign body-like giant cells, separated by fibroangiomatous stroma and it easily bleeds
Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma (Giant Cell Epulis)
Clinical term applied to swelling at the gum margin most of them are granulomas associated with chronic gingivitis
Epulis
Inflammatory of the mouth
Stomatitis
Inflammatory of the lips most common etiology is fungal
Cheilitis (Angular cheilitis)
Inflammatory of the lips most common etiology is fungal
Chelitis (Angular chelitis)
inflammation of the soft tissue around teeth typically resulting from inadequate oral hygiene
gingivitis
inflammation of the tongue mroe commonly applied to the beefy red tongue ( vit b12 and iron deficiency)
Glossitis
Valacyclovir- Valtrex
H. labialis ▪ 2g p.o. q12h for one day
H. zoster ▪ 1g p.o. q8h for 7 days
Valacyclovir- Valtrex
H. labialis ▪ 2g p.o. q12h for one day
H. zoster ▪ 1g p.o. q8h for 7 days
Famciclovir- Famvir
For H. zoster ▪ 500mg q8h for 7 days
For H. labialis ▪ 250mg p.o. q8h for 7 to 10 days
Acyclovir- Zovirax
H. zoster - 800 mg p.o. q4h for 7 to 10 days
For Oral lesions:
H. simplex labialis - 150 mg buccal tab single dose
Coxackie A virus causes
Herpangina
Coxackie A virus causes
Herpangina
as superficial grey- white inflammatory membrane comprising fungus in a fibrinosuppurative exudate
white exudate can be removed by scrapping (does not bleed)
Oral candidiasis (Thrush)
Oral candidiasis treatment
- Mild, acute forms: topical Nystatin
- Mild, chronic: topical Nystatin + Clotrimazole troches
-Refractory or immunocompromised without systemic involvement: add oral fluconazole
-Severe forms (Systemic): IV Amphotericin B with or without Fluconazole
Oral candidiasis treatment
- Mild, acute forms: topical Nystatin
- Mild, chronic: topical Nystatin + Clotrimazole troches
-Refractory or immunocompromised without systemic involvement: add oral fluconazole
-Severe forms (Systemic): IV Amphotericin B with or without Fluconazole
Trench mouth, Acute ulcerative gingivitis caused by Borellia vincenti and Fusiform bacilli
VIncent’s Angina
Trench mouth, Acute ulcerative gingivitis caused by Borellia vincenti and Fusiform bacilli
VIncent’s Angina
Primary stage of syphilis
Lips, tongue, buccal mucosa and tonsil
Site of incubation is 3 weeks after the infection papule breaks down to form an ulcer (chancre)
Oral chancre
painless ulcer with a smooth surface, raised borders and indurated margin
Secondary stage of Syphilis
Most infectious. after 6-8 weeks and last 2-10 weeks with systemic symptoms
Snail track ulcer
Oral cavity and oropharynx - Ulcerated lesion covered with grayish white membrane when scraped has pink base (no bleeding)
Syphilis serology
- Nontreponemal antibody test (VDRL, RPR) → for screeing and treatment follow up
- Treponema specific antibody test (FTA-ABS test, TPHA) → for confirmation; usually remains positive for life
Treatment for syphilis
Penicillin G 2.4 million units IM (intramuscularly) as a single dose (Drug of choice)
Ceftriaxone, Erythromycin or Doxycycline (Cause dizziness)
TB Oral most common site
Dorsum of the tongue (most common site)
Lip, buccal mucosa and palate
TB oral ulcer
multiple, painful, irregular, undermined border, granulating floor, usually covered by a gray-yellowish exudate, inflamed and indurated surrounding tissue
swallowed sputum or direct spread from adjacent lymph nodes; stricture, fistula, mucosal irregularities
TB esophagitis
Aphtous ulcer (canker sore) clinical apperance
▪ Appears as a well-delineated white lesion with an erythematous halo
▪ Prodrome of burning or tingling in area prior to ulcer’s appearance
▪ Resolve within 7-10 days
▪ Never scars
Herpetiform
▪ Small, 1-3mm in diameter ulcerations appearing in crops of 20-200 ulcers
▪ Typically located on mobile oral mucosa, tongue and palate
▪ Lasts 1-2 weeks
▪ Called herpetiform due to ulcerations that resemble those of HSV, but there is no vesicular phase
It is a Chronic, mucocutaneous, autoimmune disorder with a oral manifestation of white papules – coalescence, forming a network of lines (Wickham’s striae)
Lichen planus
Most common symptoms in oral SCC
Sore in the mouth that does not heal
Pain in the mouth that does not go away
Microscopically hyperkeratosis and atypua and a whitish plaque that cannot be scraped off (5-20% malignant potential)
Leukoplakia
Red patch or macule with soft, velvety texture it has much higher chance of harboring malignancy (60-90% untreated cases)
Erythroplakia
Oral lesion seen in HIV or AIDS patient caused by EBV Infection often superimposed with Candida lesions seen as white patches or fluffy hyperkeratosis
Hairy leukoplakia
A type of mucocele found in the floor of the mouth and present as swelling of connective tissue consisting of collected mucin from a ruptured salivary gland duct, Usually results from obstruction of the ducts of the salivary glands
Ranula
Main excretory duct
Stensen’s duct
Submandibular duct
Warton’s duct
Submandibular duct
Warton’s duct
Parotid gland duct
Revenous duct
Parotid gland duct
Revenous duct
Tongue-tie (Ankyloglossia)
Congenital oral anomaly ,decreased mobility of the tongue tip due to unusually short, thick lingual frenulum and there may be a V shaped notch at the tip
Tongue-tie (Ankyloglossia): Symptoms and effect
- Can affect feeding
- Speech
- Oral hygiene
- Mechanical and social effects
