Ear disease and Hearing loss Flashcards
Types of hearing loss
Conductive
Sensorineural
Mixed
Central
Audiogram
Horizontal frequency (normal 20-20000) Vertical decibels.
0 is the softest sound someone with normal hearing can hear, greater than 20dB will be mild and so on
Cholesteatoma
Skin in the middle ear
What are some ear examination techniques
otoscopy: Whisper test: tuning fork: weber test and rinne test neurological tests, cranial nerve, cerebellar: General:
Conductive hearing loss causes
Middle: Otitis media, cholesteatoma, tumours, otosclerosis
Canal: stenosis, wax, exostoses (surfer’s ear)
Otitis media (with effusion)
Children 1-4; eustachian tube dysfunction; infection/inflammation; negative pressure; effusion
Mastoiditis
Is a medical emergency, and hearing loss is secondary
Tympanic membrane perforation
as a result of otitis media, or trauma.
Microtia/ Atresia
Maximum conductive haring loss, blocked ear?
Sensorineural
So many causes, can be congenital, or acquired such as noise induced, infection, menieres
Weber test
Hit tuning fork and place in the middle of and on top of the head
Ask where it is loudest
Rinne test
Hit the tuning fork and place in front of ear, and then onto the mastoid process. Ask which is louder
Weber test results
Normal is if sound is heard equally in both ears.
If the sound is heard best in the abnormal ear, it is a conductive hearing loss. This is due the the affected ear only receiving information from bone conduction and is thus perceived as louder.
If the sound is best on the normal ear, is sensorineural. this is due to the side with loss will not receive the bone conduction as well
Rinne test results
Normal rinne would be louder in front of ear than on mastoid
Negative Rinne: Conductive hearing loss would have it louder through bone conduction, so on the mastoid process on the affected ear.
With a sensorineural will show a positive result, but the sound will be diminished. Will be heard longer in air conduction than bone conduction
