Ear and Eye

Question 1

what is the name of the cranial nerve that aids in hearing?

Answer 1

Vestibulocochlear VIII

Question 2

what is the cranial nerve responsible for sight?

Answer 2

Optic nerve II

Question 3

what is the boundary from external ear to middle ear called?

Answer 3

tympanic membrane

Question 4

what structures make up the middle ear?

Answer 4

malleus
incus
stapes
pharyngotympanic tube

Question 5

what structures make up the inner ear?

Answer 5

vestibulocochlear nerve VIII
bony labyrinth:
anterior semicircular canal
lateral semicircular canal
posterior semicircular canal
vestibule
cochlea

Question 6

what is another name for malleus?

Answer 6

hammer

Question 7

another name for incus

Answer 7

anvil

Question 8

another name for stapes

Answer 8

stirrup

Question 9

what does the pharyngotympanic tube connect?

Answer 9

middle ear to pharynx (throat)

Question 10

what structure of the middle ear directly connects with the tympanic membrane?

Answer 10

malleus (hammer)

Question 11

what structure connects the middle ear to the inner ear?

Answer 11

stapes (stirrup)

Question 12

what bone does the bony labyrinth rest within?

Answer 12

temporal bone

Question 13

what is the structure that is filled with liquid within the ear?

Answer 13

vestibule

Question 14

what is the cochlea responsible for?

Answer 14

housing the receptor cells for hearing (mechanoreceptors)

Question 15

what is the anterior, lateral, and posterior semicircular canals responsible for? How can tell the perspective of either anterior or posterior etc?

Answer 15

balance

anterior, posterior, and lateral canals are named in respective locations as you face the cochlea

Question 16

what are the various structures within ear responsible for sensation, transduction, and perception?

Answer 16

sensation - the mechanical signal produced within the outer, middle, and inner ear
transduction - the process done within the cochlea of transcribing the mechanical signal into an electrical signal
perception - Vestibulocochlear nerve VIII takes the electrical signals to be processed by the brain

Question 17

what structures make up the outermost, fibrous layer of the eye?

Answer 17

cornea
sclera
optic nerve

Question 18

what structureS make up the middle, vascular layer of the eye?

Answer 18

choroid
iris
pupil
ciliary body

Question 19

what structures make up the innermost, sensory layer of the eye?

Answer 19

retina
lens
vitreous humor

Question 20

what layer is the cornea a part of?

Answer 20

sclera (white)

Question 21

what color is the choroid layer? where is it located?

Answer 21

dark/black

between retina and sclera

Question 22

what is the function of the iris?

Answer 22

to contract and dilate the pupil

Question 23

what is the function of the pupil?

Answer 23

to allow light into the eye

Question 24

what is the function of the ciliary body?

Answer 24

smooth muscle that controls lens shape

Question 25

what is the function of the lens?

Answer 25

to focus light onto the retina

Question 26

what shape is the lens when looking at something far away?

what shape is the lens when looking at something close?

Answer 26

far away - lens is long and flat

close up - lens is wide

Question 27

what is the process of light passing through the lens called?

Answer 27

refraction

Question 28

what is responsible for sensation, transduction, and perception of the eye?

Answer 28

sensation - light entering through cornea, lens, vitreous humor, and onto the retina
transduction - retina responsible for transduction of light waves to electrical signals
perception - the Optic nerve II allows for the perception to the brain of the electrical signals taken by retina

Question 29

what does amplitude refer to with sound? what is it measured by?

Answer 29

refers to loudness

dB (decibels)

Question 30

what does frequency refer to with sound? what is it measured by?

Answer 30

refers to pitch

Hz (peaks per second)

Question 31

what mediums can sound travel through?

Answer 31

air
water
bone

Question 32

if a sound has high amplitude, and low frequency, what kind of sound is it?

Answer 32

loud - low pitch sound

Question 33

if a sound has low amplitude and high frequency what kind of sound is it?

Answer 33

soft - high pitched sound