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PNS > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

0
Q

Name the nerve which innervates the lower cranial surface of the auricle.

A

posterior branch of the great auricular n of C2 & C3

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1
Q

Name the arteries which supply the auricle.

A

posterior auricular a. & superficialtemporal a. -> both from external carotid a.

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2
Q

Lymph from the superior half of the cranial surface of the auricle drains into the: (2) a. superficial parotid lymph nodes. b. mastoid lymph nodes. c. superficial cervical lymph nodes. d. deep cervical lymph nodes.

A

b. mastoid lymph nodes d. deep cervical lymph nodes

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3
Q

Name the gland which produces earwax.

A

Ceramucus and sebaceous glands

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4
Q

What is the size in diameter of the tympanic membrane?

A

1cm

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5
Q

The tympanic membrane is the partition between the _____ and ____

A

external acoustic meatus and tympanic cavity

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6
Q

Name the shallow central peak of the tympanic membrane

A

umbo

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7
Q

The tympanic membrane faces to anterior, inferior and laterally. True/False

A

true (ALI)

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8
Q

The superior to the lateral process of the malleus attachment on the tympanic membrane is called______.

A

flaccid part (or pars flaccid)

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9
Q

The external surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the a. auricular nerve. c. chorda tympanic. b. tympanic nerve. d. craticotympanic nerve.

A

auricular nerve (auriculotemporal)

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10
Q

The internal surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by the a. auricular nerve. c. chorda tympanic. b. tympanic nerve. d. craticotympanic nerve.

A

B. tympanic nerve of glossopharyngeal

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11
Q

Name the features on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity features.

A

features the promontory of the labyrinthine wall, formed by the initial (basal) part of the cochlea, the oval and round windows. (?)

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12
Q

The space superior to the tympanic membrane in the tympanic cavity is called _____.

A

epitympanic or superior tympanic recess

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13
Q

All of the following are the contents of the middle ear, EXCEPT a. malleus. b. incus. c. stapes d. modiolus

A

modiolus

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14
Q

Which of the following indicates the floor of the tympanic cavity? a. tegmental wall b. jugular wall c. carotid wall d. mastoid wall

A

B. Jugular wall (tegmental roof) (carotid anterior) (Mastoid posterior) (Labyrinthine medial) (Membranous lateral)

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15
Q

Name the arteries which supply the pharyngotympanic tube.

A

Ascending pharyngeal arteries of external carotid artery middle meningeal artery and artery of the pterygoid canal from maxillary

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16
Q

The auditory ossicles transmit the sound wave from ____ to ____ leading to the vestibule of the labyrinth

A

across the tympanic cavity from the tympanic membrane to the oval window (fenestra vestibule)

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17
Q

The ossicles are covered with regular osteogenic periosteum. True/False

A

False (lack an osteogenic periosteum) because if they had a periosteum they could grow.

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18
Q

Name the part of the malleus that attaches to the flaccid part of the tympanic membrane.

A

Neck of malleus

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19
Q

Which of the following describes the umbo correctly? a. Tip of the handle of the malleus b. Neck of the malleus c. Tip of the handle of the incus d. Neck of the stapes

A

tip of the handle of the malleus

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20
Q

The lenticular process (of incus) articulates with ____________.

A

head of stapes

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21
Q

The tensor tympanic inserts into ___________.

A

handle of malleus

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22
Q

The head of the malleus lies in the ______________________

A

epitymapinic recess

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23
Q

The base of the stapes is considerably smaller than the tympanic membrane, as a result the vibratory force of the stapes is increased approximately _____ times over that of the tympanic membrane.

A

10

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24
Q

The auditory ossicles increase the force of the vibrations transmitted from the tympanic membrane.True/False

A

True (but decrease the amplitude)

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25
Q

The tensor tympani arises from ____, and inserts to ____________.

A

superior surface of pharyngotympanic tube, greater wing of sphenoid, and the petrous part of the temporal bone handle of the malleus

26
Q

The tensor tympani is innervated by the ___.

A

nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle

27
Q

Name the wall where the pyramidal eminence is for the stapedius muscle emergence

A

posterior wall of tympanic cavity (mastoid wall)

28
Q

The otic capsule of the internal ear contains , , and .

A

Cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals

29
Q

The cochlea is the shell-shaped part of the bony labyrinth that contains for the hearing.

A

cochlear duct

30
Q

Name the bony core of the cochlear

A

modiolus

31
Q

The spiral canal of the cochlea begins at the ______ and makes ___ turns around the bony core

A

vestibule, 2.5

32
Q

The bony core of the cochlea is called

A

modiolus

33
Q

The large basal turn of the cochlea produces the _______ on the labyrinthine wall

A

prominitory

34
Q

The large basal turn of the cochlea produces , which is part of the labyrinthine wall of the tympanic cavity

A

prominitory

35
Q

Name the communicating feature between the basal turn of the cochlea and the subarachnoid space superior to the jugular foramen

A

cochlear aquaduct

36
Q

Name the structure, which covers the round window at the basal turn of the cochlear

A

secondary tympanic membrane

37
Q

The vestibule of the bony labyrinth is a small oval chamber that contains the and

A

utricle and sacule

38
Q

Name the feature, which communicates the vestibule to the posterior cranial fossa

A

aqueduct of the vestibule

39
Q

Name the feature, which transmits the endolymphatic duct

A

vestibular aqueduct

40
Q

How many openings from the semicircular canals to the vestibule?

A

5

41
Q

The membranous labyrinth composed of and

A

vestibular and cochlear

42
Q

The vestibular labyrinth contains two small communicating sacs which are known as and

A

utricle and sacule

43
Q

Name the spiral thickening of the periosteal lining of the cochlear canal, which secures the cochlear duct to the spiral canal of the cochlea.

A

spiral ligament

44
Q

Name the feature where the semicircular ducts open through openings

A

utricle

45
Q

Name the feature where the endolymphatic duct arises

A

from the bone of the posterior cranial fossa

46
Q

Name the feature which connects the saccule to the cochlear duct, as a uniting duct

A

ductus reuiens

47
Q

The primary sensory neurons of the cochlear ampulae are in ganglia, which are in the internal acoustic meatus.

A

vestibular ganglia

48
Q

The cochlear duct is a spiral tube, which is firmly suspended across the cochlear canal between the on the external wall of the cochlear canal and the ________________ of the modiolus respectively

A

spiral ligament, osseous spiral lamina

49
Q

Name the feature of the semilunar communication at the apex of the cochlea between two perilymph-filled spiral canals

A

helicotrema

50
Q

Waves of hydraulic pressure created in the perilymph of the vestibule by the vibration of the base of the stapes ascend to the apex of the cochlea through the

A

scala vestibule

51
Q

Waves of hydraulic pressure pass through the apex of the cochlear and then descend back to the basal turn of the cochlea through

A

scala tympani

52
Q

Name the receptor organ of auditory stimuli

A

organ of corti

53
Q

The receptor organ of auditory stimuli is situated on the .

A

basalar membrane and floor of the duct and outer edge of sooeus spiral lamina

54
Q

The receptor organ of auditory stimuli is overlaid by

A

gelatenous tectorial membrane

55
Q

Untreated auricular hematoma might result in the _____ or ____.

A

cauliflower ear, boxers ear

56
Q

How do you pull the helix to observe the adult’s tympanic membrane for the otoscopic examination?

A

posteriorsuperiorly (up, out, back)

57
Q

An earache and a bulging red tympanic membrane may indicate a sign of

A

otitis media

58
Q

Infection of the mastoid antrum and mastoid cells from a middle ear infection might cause inflammation of the mastoid process known as

A

mastoiditis

59
Q

Paralysis of the stapedius is associated with excessive acuteness of hearing called or

A

hyperacusis or hyperacusia

60
Q

Hyperacusis results from uninhibited movements of the

A

stapes

61
Q

Motion sickness results from discordance between and stimulation

A

vestibular and visual

62
Q

Name the nerve which innervates the upper cranial surface of the auricle.

A

Lesser Occipital Nerve of C2 and C3

PNS (15 decks)

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