Ear

Question 1

Skeletal portions of the ear

Answer 1

1. squamous (includes mastoid process & air cells)
2. petrous (contains labyrinths of inner ear)
3. tympanic (houses external auditory meatus)

Question 2

external ear parts?

Answer 2

auricle and external auditory meatus

Question 3

auriclre?

Answer 3

(pinna, concha) – skin-covered cartilage with extrinsic and intrinsic muscles (degenerate in humans).

Question 4

ext auditory meatus

Answer 4

Funnel-like tube of cartilage and bone, formed from first branchial groove. Contains sebaceous and ceruminous glands and hair follicles.

Question 5

function of the middle ear

Answer 5

Converts sound waves in air to vibrations of solid structures (membrane and bone); amplifies the sound and transmits it to the inner ear.

Question 6

eardrum is attached to the

Answer 6

Manubrium of the malleus

Question 7

what archs are the ossicles derived from

Answer 7

incus and malleus - 1st

stapes- 2nd

Question 8

epitympanic recess

Answer 8

portion of the tympanic cavity that houses most of the incus

Question 9

oval window

Answer 9

oval window (fenestra vestibuli) in which lies the footplate of the stapes;

Question 10

function of the auditory tube

Answer 10

The auditory tube (formed from first branchial or pharyngeal pouch) equalizes air pressure on both sides of the eardrum.

Question 11

promontory

Answer 11

The medial wall has a bulge (the promontory) formed by the cochlea; above this is the oval window

Question 12

function of malleus and incus

Answer 12

decrease amplitude of soundwaves while multiplying their force

Question 13

tensor tympani ?

Answer 13

tenses the eardrum and dampens strong vibrations

Question 14

the sensory gangion of cn7 is the the geniculate ganglion what are the 2 branches

Answer 14

chordae tympani

nerve to stapedius

Question 15

tympanic plexus relates to ?

Answer 15

sensory nerves to tympnic cavity from cranches of CN9

Question 16

Inner ear function ?

Answer 16

converts vibrations of the ossicles to waves in liquids ?

Question 17

bony labyrinth

Answer 17

bony labyrinth, a series of passages inside the petrous part of the temporal bone, filled with perilymph. These passages are the vestibule, the 3 semicircular canals, and two parts of the cochlea: the scala vestibuli and scala tympani.

Question 18

membranous labyrinth

Answer 18

and adhering to their walls, are the similarly-shaped structures of the membranous labyrinth, containing endolymph. These include the saccule, utricle, 3 semicircular ducts (each with an ampulla), and the scala media (cochlear duct).

Question 19

neuromast organs,

Answer 19

The inner ear contains 3 types of modified neuromast organs, one for hearing (called the organ of Corti, spiral organ, or organ of hearing) and two for equilibration (called respectively the crista ampullaris or ampullary crest, and the macula

Question 20

capula of the neuromast organs

Answer 20

organ of corti–techtorial membrane
crista ampullaris- cupula
macula otolithic membrane

Question 21

organ of corti

Answer 21

send impulses to the brain via CN8

Question 22

scala and the membranes ?

Answer 22

The scala vestibuli and scala media are separated by the vestibular membrane. The scala media and scala tympani are separated by an osseous spiral lamina and by the basilar membrane

Question 23

Organ of hearing can be found in the

Answer 23

scala media

Question 24

Its hair cells of the scala media are embedded in a modified cupula, the ___ which is attached only to the spiral lamina.

Answer 24

tectorial membrane

Question 25

The saccule and utricle, located in the vestibule, each contain a neuromast organ called a

Answer 25

macula

Question 26

otolithic membrane contains

Answer 26

calcium carbonate crystals to enhance its mass and inertia

Question 27

Each duct has an enlargement or ampulla at one end, containing a neuromast organ, the ??

Answer 27

crista (ampullary crest)

Question 28

stimulation of CN8

Answer 28

Motion (turning) in the plane of the duct causes longitudinal pressure in the duct due to the inertia of the endolymph, which presses on the cupula and stimulates the hair cells (vestibular nerve, CN VIII).

Question 29

. Malleus and Incus – Derived from the first branchial (mandibular) arch, these two bones primitively formed the _____ joint of lower vertebrates.

Answer 29

. Malleus and Incus – Derived from the first branchial (mandibular) arch, these two bones primitively formed the craniomandibular joint of lower vertebrates.