EAR Flashcards
The sense organ of hearing and equilibrium.
Ear
3 distinct parts of ear
Outer, Middle, Inner
curve about 2.5cm (1 inch) long in the adult and ends in the tympanic membrane.
- Many fine hairs, glands,
External Auditory Canal
a wax like substance that keeps the tympanic membrane soft.
cerumen
Atranslucent,pearlygrayappearance
-Servesasapartition
tympanic membrane
what are the distinct landmarks?
Pars Flaccida
Umbo
Short process and handle of malleus
Pars tensa
Incus
Cone of Light
Annulus
Small air-filled chamber in the temporal bone.
Tympanic cavity
what are the 2 openings?
Oval and round openings
These are responsible for transmitting sound waves from the eardrum to the inner ear through the oval window
3 auditory canals:
Malleus (hammer)
Incus (anvil)
Stapes (stirrups)
Painful auricle or tragus is associated with_____
Otitis Externa or a Postauricular Cyst
Tenderness over the mastoid process suggests
mastoiditis
Tenderness behind the ear may occur with
otitis media.
Stabilizes the air pressure between the
external atmosphere and the middle ear, thus
Preventing the rapture of the tympanic membrane and discomfort produced by
marked pressure difference.
Eustachian Tube
Is a fluid filled and made up of the bony labyrinth and an inner membranous labyrinth.
labyrinth or inner ear
3 parts of inner ear
Cochlea, Vestibule, Semicircular canals
contains the spiral organs of corti, which is the sensory organ for hearing.
- Sea shell-shaped structure essential for sound transmission and hearing.
Cochlea
It is membranous which contain the organ of equilibrium
Semicircular Canals
it is where the sensory receptors are located
Vestibule
Mechanism of sound transmission
Conductive and Sensorineural hearing loss
transmissionofsoundwavesthroughthe
external and middle ear
Conductive Hearing loss
transmission of sound waves in the inner
ear
sensorineural hearing loss
is a combination of conduction and sensorineural hearing loss
Mixed Hearing Loss
a gradual sensorineural hearing loss due to degeneration of the cochlea or vestibulocochlear nerve. Common after the age of 50 years.
Presbycusis
purulentdrainageassociatedwithpain and a popping sensation is characteristic of otitis media with perforation of the tympanic membrane. indicates infection
Ottorhea (drainage)
This can occur with ear infections, cerumen blockage, sinus infections, or teeth and gum problems.
Otalgia (earache)
This may be associated with excessive ear wax build up, high blood pressure, or certain ototoxic medications(such as streptomycin, gentamycin, kanamycim, neomycin, ethacrynic acid, furosemide, indomethacin, or aspirin)
Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
This may be associated with an inner ear problem.
- Subjective vertigo when the client feels that he is spinning around
- Objective vertigo when the client feels that the room is spinning around him
Vertigo
bluish color of earlobes
Cyanosis
frostbite
Palor
inflammation or fever
Excessive Redness
Absence of Ear
Anotia
small ear
Microtia
nontender, hard, cream- colored nodules on the helix or antihelix, containing uric acid crystal
Tophi
This test helps to evaluate hearing acuity.
Whisper Test
The test helps to evaluate the conduction of sound waves through bone to help distinguish between conductive hearing (sound waves transmitted by the external and middle ear) and sensorineural hearing (sound waves transmitted by the inner ear).
Weber’s Test
Thiscomparesairandbone conduction sounds.
Rinne Test
This test the client’s equilibrium.
Romberg’s Test
what cranial nerve does controls hearing and balance?
vestibulocochlear nerve
vestibular nerve - balance
cochlear nerve - hearing
