EAA Definitions

Question 1

What are the occassions for argument?

Answer 1

forensic, deliberatice, epideictic

Question 2

What is a forensic argument about?

Answer 2

the past

Question 3

What is a deliberative argument about?

Answer 3

the future

Question 4

What is the epideictic argument about?

Answer 4

the present

Question 5

What is an argument of fact?

Answer 5

a statememnt that can be proved or disproved with specific evidence of testimony

Question 6

What are topics of the argument of fact?

Answer 6

Making a claim about a circumstance that’s controversial/surprising, correcting an error of fact, challenging societal myths, wishing to discover the state of knowledge about a subject or examine a range of perspectives and points of view

Question 7

Arguments of definition

Answer 7

argue about the definition of something and how it can be understood and addressed. Formal definitions, defined by what it does, defined by examples, defined by what it isn’t

Question 8

Argument of definition: Topics?

Answer 8

Forming a controversial/provocative definition
Challenge a definition
Try to determine whether something fits an existing definition
Seek to broaden an existing definition or create a new definition to accommodate wider or differing perspectives

Question 9

Arguments of evaluation

Answer 9

Present criteria and then measure something against those standard
What is the quality of the thing?
Quantitative or qualitative

Question 10

Argument of evaluation topics

Answer 10

Making a judgement about quality, challenge such a judgement, construct a ranking or comparison, explore criteria that might be used in making critical judgements

Question 11

Arguments of proposal

Answer 11

what actions should be taken? Calls for change, fcuses on future and centers on the audience

Question 12

Argument of proposal topics

Answer 12

Makes a claim that suports a change in practice/policy, make a claim that resists suggested changes in practice or policy, explore options for addressing existing issues or investigating oppurtunities for change

Question 13

What are the three categories of an argument of cause?

Answer 13

arguments that state a cause and then examine it effect, arguments that state an effect and then trace the effect back to its causes, arguments that move through a series of links

Question 14

Arguments that state a cause and then examine its effects

Answer 14

Cause A –> leads to –> Effect B, Effect C, Effect D

Question 15

Arguments that state an effect and then trace the effect back to its causes?

Answer 15

Effect D –> stems from –> Cause A, Cause B, Cause C

Question 16

Arguments that move through a series of links

Answer 16

Cause A –> leads to Cause B –> leads to Cause C –> leads to Effect D

Question 17

Argument of cause topics

Answer 17

State a cause and then examine its effects
Describe an effect and trace it back to its causes
Trace a string of causes to figure out why something happened
Explore possible consequences of a particular action, policy, or change

Question 18

What is Kairos?

Answer 18

the most suitable time and place for making an argument

Question 19

Pathos

Answer 19

Emotions

Question 20

Ethos

Answer 20

Authority, credibility, clear motives

Question 21

Logos

Answer 21

Logic

Question 22

Artistic vs. Inartistic proofs

Answer 22

Constructed arguments, appeal to reason and common sense vs. hard evidence, facts and testimonies

Question 23

Syllogism

Answer 23

Deductive reasoning

Question 24

Enthymeme

Answer 24

Claim and reason that depends on audience’s agreement with implicit assumption

Question 25

Classical Oration

Answer 25

Confrontational, argue on why your beliefs are correct and prove a point

Question 26

Rogerian argument

Answer 26

Non-confrontational, finds common ground and establishes trust with those who disagree

Question 27

Toulmin argument

Answer 27

Presents structures to describe how ordinary people make arguments

Question 28

Hypothesis

Answer 28

Tentative and plausible statements of facts whose merits need to be examined for closely