E6

Question 1

How can RNA fold to secondary and tertiary structures

Answer 1

By internal base pairing

Question 2

Describe the structural and chemical properties of RNA

Answer 2

usually single strand
Contains ribose
A,G, C,U as bases
Not as stable as dna
RNA is involved in protein synthesis and regulation

Question 3

Gene expression

Answer 3

The process by which the information encoded in a gene is turned into a function

Question 4

How does RNA polymerase know when and where to start

Answer 4

Doesn’t need a primer
A promoter is needed to direct RNA polymerase
The recruitment of the RNA polymerase to the promoter is mediated by DNA binding proteins called transcription factors
Recruitment of RNA polymerase also requires chromatin modification

Question 5

Promoter

Answer 5

Determines the transcription start side

Question 6

Transcription factors

Answer 6

DNA binding proteins that recognise specific DNA sequences in the genes they control
Every gene has a unique combination of transcription factor

Question 7

Nucleosome

Answer 7

Modifications on Nucleosomes are long lasting and can be copied during Ana replication
Cells inherit a memory of which genes were activated

Question 8

Basal transcription

Answer 8

They bird to all genes almost
They don’t cause gene specific regulation

Question 9

Gene specific transcription factors

Answer 9

Bind to DNA sequences found in a sub - set of genes and therefore contribute to gene regulation

Question 10

Glucocorticoid receptors

Answer 10

Gene specific transcription factors that are released from cytoplasm upon normone binding