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Neuroscience > E4 Visual > Flashcards

E4 Visual Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two fluids of the eye?

A

Aqueous humor and vitreous humor

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2
Q

Where is the aqueous humor found?

A

Anterior to the lens, between lens and cornea

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3
Q

Where is the vitreous humor found?

A

posterior to the lens, between lens and retina

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4
Q

What is the outer layer made of?

A

Sclera and cornea

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5
Q

What is the sclera?

A

White part of the eye

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6
Q

What is the cornea?

A

Clear outer layer found anteriorly

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7
Q

What is the middle layer of the eye?

A

Choroid, ciliary bodies, and iris

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8
Q

What does the choroid contain?

A

Blood vessels and nerves

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9
Q

What is the iris?

A

The pigmented portion of the eye?

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10
Q

What kind of muscle does the iris consist of?

A

Smooth muscle

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11
Q

What kind of innervation is pupillary constriction? Dilation?

A

Parasympathetic of CN III. Sympathetic from T1 ad T2 segments

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12
Q

Lesions in T1 and T2 can result in what syndrome?

A

Horner’s syndrome

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13
Q

What is the lens suspended by?

A

zonula fibers

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14
Q

where are zonula fibers anchored?

A

in the ciliary body

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15
Q

What is the inner layer of the eye made of?

A

Retinal ganglion cells, rods, cones, interneurons of retina

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16
Q

What is the light sensing part of the eye?

A

Retina

17
Q

What types of cells are located in the eye?

A

Amacrine, Bipolar, and horizontal cells

18
Q

What are rods photoreceptors for?

A

black, white, and gray vision, important for night vision

19
Q

What are cones photoreceptors for?

A

color vision and for high visual acuity

20
Q

Where is the photosensitive part of the photoreceptors?

A

Most distal end of the light path

21
Q

What are the most anterior of the cells in the retina? What nerve is formed by axons of these cells?

A

Retinal Ganglion cells.

CN II

22
Q

T/F The optic disk is full of photoreceptors and ganglion cells.

A

FALSE. This is actually where the axons of the ganglion cells leave the eye to form the optic nerve

23
Q

What is the natural blind spot of the eye?

A

The optic disk

24
Q

What area is particularly rich in cones, but no rods?

A

Fovea of the macula lutea

25
Q

What kind of vision does the macula provide?

A

The sharp, straight-ahead vision that is needed for driving and reading small print

26
Q

What is the gyrus for the inf visual field? Sup. visual field?

A

Cuneus. Lingual

27
Q

How are neurons categorized in the visual cortex?

A

According to Ocular dominance, columns, orientation columns, and color blobs

28
Q

Where is the retinotectal pathway?

A

Extends from retina to the superior colliculus

29
Q

Which pathway is important in visual attention and detection of movement?

A

Retinotectal pathway

30
Q

Which eye muscles converge the eyes?

A

Medial rectus muscles by contracting bilaterally

31
Q

Increasing definition of an image would cause the pupil to _____

A

constrict

Neuroscience (10 decks)

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