E2L1 - Psych of Pt. Behavior (Dr. Kate Goldhaber, pt 1) Flashcards
T/F: Albert Einstein COM (2013) found that people attributed their miscarriages to chromosomal abnormalities.
F: Many people misattributed miscarriages to other non-medical, psychological factors. Many women blamed themselves.
Name 7 Health factors for longevity, predicted by the Alameda County Landmark study
- 7-8 hrs. sleep 2. No eating btwn meals 3. Regular breakfast 4. Proper weight 5. Reg. exercise 6. Moderate/no alcohol 7. No smoking
Name 7 Health Behavioral Models
- Health belief model 2. Social Cognitive Theory 3. Theory of Reasoned action/Planned behavior 4. Self Determination 5. Trans-theoretical 6. Common Sense
The likelihood that someone would take action to prevent illness depends on his/her perception that:
- He/she is vulnerable to the condition 2. the consequences of the condition would be serious 3. The precautionary behavior effectively prevents the condition 4. The benefits of reducing the threat of the condition exceed the costs for taking actions
Which model emphasizes the INTERPLAY between personal environment and social factors?
Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)
What is a major feature of the social cognitive theory SCT?
Self-efficacy: the belief that you can change a behavior (self-confidence)
What 4 factors influence self-efficacy, or the confidence one has to do affect behavior?
- Persuasion by others 2. Observing others 3. Past experience 4. Direct physiological feedback
Which is more predictive of future behavior: past behavior, or self-efficacy?
Self-efficacy. Big idea!
Which model proposes quasi-mathematical relationships between beliefs, attitudes, intentions and behaviors?
Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) & Planned Behavior (TPB)
TRA/TPB relies on what two underlying assumptions?
- People are rational 2. Behavior is under volitional control
Which model emphasizes the role of INTENTION, as preceding behavior?
TRA/TPB
“The likelihood that an individual will engage in a health risk reduction depends on how much he/she is convinced that health behaviors will prevent risk, and the degree to which he/she perceives that the benefits outweigh the costs” Which model?
TRA/TPB Note: unlike SCT, which says the likelihood is most influenced by SELF-EFFICACY.
Self-Determination Theory posits what three needs, that provide the optimal conditions for motivation?
The need for 1. Competence 2. Relatedness 3. Autonomy
Name 2 classes of motivation.
- Intrinsic motivation: the action is its own reward 2. Extrinsic motivation: the action is valuable insofar as it produces a given effect
Which motivation is more compelling for patients?
Intrinsic motivations
Which model emphasizes the importance of PROCESS?
Trans-Theoretical Model of Behavior Chance (TTM)
Which model is this: People change incrementally in stages, and they do not move linearly from stage to stage (typically they progress and then recycle back to previous stage before moving forward again)
TTM
What are the 5 stages described by the TTM model?
- Precontemplation 2. Contemplation 3. Preparation 4. Action 5. Maintenance
Which phase in the TTM model is described by: “The person is not even considering changing. They may be “in denial” about their health problem, or not consider it serious. They may have tried unsuccessfully to change so many times that they have given up.”
Pre-contemplation (stage 1)
Which phase in the TTM model is described by: The person is AMBIVALENT about changing. During this stage, the person weighs benefits versus costs or barriers (e.g., time, expense, bother, fear).
Contemplation (stage 2)
Which phase in the TTM model is described by: “The person is prepared to experiment with small changes and learn what would be necessary for permanent change.”
Preparation (stage 3)
Which phase in the TTM model is described by: “The person takes definitive action to change behavior”
Action (stage 4)
Which phase in the TTM model is described by: The person strives to maintain the new behavior over the long term.
Maintenance and Relapse prevention (stage 5)
In the Common Sense Model, people develop “common sense” understandings of their illness or diagnosis called ____________.
Illness representations
