E2: Trauma

Question 1

What are the clinical features of a concussion?

Answer 1

*No displacement or loosening
* Crushing injury to adjoining areas
* Early radiographic changes may be minimal
* Widened PDL spaces: few days to weeks
* Long term effects: pulpal sclerosis, necrosis,
periapical lesions

Question 2

What are the clinical features of a luxation?

Answer 2

*Dislocation of teeth: intrusion, extrusion, lateral,
lingual or buccal
* Early radiographic observation: widened PDL spaces
* Long term effect: pulpal sclerosis, necrosis, periapical
lesion

Question 3

What are the clinical features of an avulsion?

Answer 3

• Loss of tooth
• Socket outline
• Fracture of alveolar bone
• Possibility of reimplantation

Question 4

What are the different types of dental trauma?

Answer 4

Question 5

What are the different types of tooth fractures?

Answer 5

• Coronal fracture: Cusp, Pulp exposure
• Root fracture: Horizontal, Vertical

Question 6

If you see two lines meeting at one point, it is a ____ fracture

Answer 6

single

Question 7

What are the features of a vertical root fracture?

Answer 7

*Often difficult to visualize on periapical radiographs
* CBCT may be used to identify vertical root fracture
* Restorations and endodontic obturation can
complicate diagnosis of vertical root fracture
* Focal widening of PDL space may indicate vertical
fracture

Question 8

Radiographic Features of Fracture

Answer 8

• Sharp radiolucent line within the anatomic boundaries
  *Deviation from normal anatomic outline
  *Discontinuity in the cortical border or step formation
  *In some situations, increased density

Question 9

Most mandibular fractures occur in

Answer 9

• Subcondylar
• Angle
• Symphysis
• Body

Question 10

What are the different types of condylar fracture?

Answer 10

Question 11

Trauma to Maxilla: 4 “S”s

Answer 11

• Symmetry
• Sharpness
• Sinus
• Soft tissues

Question 12

Le Fort Classification (1901)

Answer 12

Question 13

Describe Le Fort I

Answer 13

• Relatively horizontal fracture
• Detachment of alveolar
  process
• # line passes above the teeth,below zygomatic process, thru
  max sinus to inferior portion of
  pterygoid plate

Question 14

Describe Le Fort II

Answer 14

• Separates maxilla from
  base of skull
• # line extends throughlacrimal bones, floor of
  orbit, through
  zygomaticomaxillary
  suture

Question 15

Answer 15

• # line extends throughnasal bones, frontal
  process of maxilla, across
  the orbit, and
  zygomaticofrontal suture,
  separates pterygoid plates
• May involve mandibular
  fracture

Question 16

What is a tripod fracture?

Answer 16