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Radio II: Exam 2 > E2: Lesions of the jaw > Flashcards

E2: Lesions of the jaw Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of inflammatory lesions of the jaw?

A
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2
Q

What are the two types of periapical lesion?

A

cysts and osteomyelitis

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3
Q

What are the two types of osteomyelitis?

A

lytic and sclerotic

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4
Q

What are the characteristics and clinical features of pericoronitis?

A
  • Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the crown of
    partially erupted tooth
  • Third molars
  • Inflamed gingiva, pain, swelling
  • Trismus
  • Cellulitis
  • Mostly young adults
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5
Q

What is the location and border of pericoronitis?

A

In early stages, minimal radiographic changes

  • Location: Radiolucency adjacent to the crown
  • Border: Ill-defined periphery, Sclerotic border in late stage
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6
Q

Severe cases of pericoronitis becomes ___

A

osteomyelitis

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7
Q

What are the clinical features of osteomyelitis?

A

*Infection of bone
*Involves marrow, cortex, periosteum
*Usually local source of infection
* May have hematogenous source

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8
Q

Osteomyelitis is the infection of ____ segment of the bone.

A

medullary

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9
Q

____ is the acute or chronic inflammatory process in the medullary spaces or cortical surfaces of bone that is away from the primary site of involvement.

A

osteomyelitis

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10
Q

Classification of osteomyelitis based on time

A
  • Acute: two weeks after disease onset
  • Subacute: One to several months
  • Chronic: After a few months
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11
Q

Classification: Cierny-Mader (1985)

A
  • Stage 1: Medullary
  • Stage 2: Superficial
  • Stage 3: Localized
  • Stage 4: Diffuse
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12
Q

Classification of osteomyelitis

A

*Hematogenous
* Secondary to contiguous focus of infection
* Chronic osteomyelitis

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13
Q

Most common cause of acute osteomyelitis

A

dental infection

secondary: fracture, wound, hematogenous spread

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14
Q

What are common organisms that cause acute osteomyelitis?

A

Staph. aureus, Staph. albus,
tuberculosis, actinomycosis, syphilis, mixed organisms

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15
Q

What are the clinical features of acute osteomyelitis?

A
  • Any age, more in males
  • May involve either jaw
  • Localized in maxilla, diffuse in mandible
  • Severe pain
  • Fever, increased WBC count
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16
Q

What are the radiographic features of acute osteomyelitis?

A
  • Early stages: no radiographic changes
    *Ill-defined periphery, fading into normal trabecula
    *Decrease in the density of bone: localized or discrete
  • Followed by increased radiolucency
  • Sclerosis at later stages
  • Sequestra: nonvital bone
17
Q

What are the radiographic features of osteomyelitis?

A
  • Resorption
  • Periosteal new bone formation
  • Proliferative periostitis
  • Fistula formation
  • Pathologic fracture
  • Radiographic features similar to malignant lesions
18
Q

What are the clinical features of chronic osteomyelitis?

A

*Duration of symptoms
* Mottled, predominantly lucent
* Focal overgrowth of bone
* “Onion-skin” appearance : layering of cortical bone

19
Q

What are the clinical features of osteoradionecrosis?

A
  • Radiotherapy (40 to 80 Gy)
    *Decreased vascularity
  • Low defense
    *High susceptibility to extraction, perio, pulpal disease,
    denture sore
  • Radiographic feature: similar to osteomyelitis
    *Diagnosis established by history
20
Q

ONJ stands for

A

Osteonecrosis of the jaw

21
Q

BON stands for

A

Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw

22
Q

BRONJ stands for

A

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

23
Q

MRONJ stands for

A

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

24
Q

What are the clinical features of MRONJ?

A
  • Spontaneous or after extraction
    *Initially asymptomatic
  • Pain, tooth mobility, mucosal swelling, erythema,
    ulceration
  • Early stage: minimal radiographic changes
  • Late stage: R/F of osteomyelitis (or cancer)
  • Widened PDL spaces
  • Potential risk factors:
    *Dentoalveolar trauma
    *Duration of BP treatment
  • Type of BP: i.v. BP is more problematic
25
Q

What are the staging: Details in AAOMS Position paper?

A
  • At risk: No apparent necrotic bone
  • Stage 0: Non-specific clinical and radiographic findings
  • Stage 1: exposed, necrotic bone that is asymptomatic
  • Stage 2: exposed, necrotic bone, with pain and
    infection
  • Stage 3: Exposed, necrotic bone in patients with pain,
    infection, and pathologic fracture, extraoral fistula, or
    osteolysis extending to the inferior border

Radio II: Exam 2 (8 decks)

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