e2 marketisation of education Flashcards
what is marketisation of education?
The marketization of education refers to the application of market principles to the
education system. This has been a dominant trend in the UK for the past 30 years
Key Characteristics of Marketization
Promoting choice
Promoting competition
Privatization
How does the marketistaion of education promote choice?
Increasing the different types of providers that students can attend. The more choice
a student has, the greater the likelihood they will nd the right provider for their
needs.
How does the marketistaion of education promote competition?
Schools and colleges compete for students by:
Offering more chances of success
Offering better resources and facilities
Offering bursaries and scholarships
Offering innovative teaching practices
Offering opportunities when students leave education
Market principles are centered upon the student as a consumer of goods and meeting
their needs.
how has marketisation been achieve 1988?
conservative gov
1988 Education Reform Act (Conservative Government)
Created open enrollment in schools to give parents greater choice of where to
send their children
Created the national curriculum as a framework of educational standards
Created standardized testing to allow schools to be compared with one
another based upon their results
what is formula funding?
conservative gov.
Schools received a specic amount per pupil. This meant that schools could compete
with one another to gain additional funding based upon the number of enrollments
they had.
how was marketisation achieved (early 1990’s)
conservative gov.
League Tables and Ofsted (Early 1990s)
Allowed parents to see the results of standardized exams and judgments on the
quality of provision at a school, which increased choice.
how has marketisation been achieved 1992 (conservative gov)
Polytechnics and colleges were allowed to apply for university status, providing
students with increased choice in higher education.
how has marketisation been achived through academization new labour gov.?
City Academies (2000)
Failing schools in inner city areas were combined into city centre academies with
additional funding from private enterprise.
how has marketisation been achived through specilaist schools new labour gov.?
Institutions that specialized in certain areas of the curriculum like science, sports, and
arts.
Faith Schools
Expansion of faith schools to cater to the needs of a more culturally diverse UK.
how has marketisation been achived through tution fees new labour gov.?
Tuition Fees (1998)
Introduced tuition fees for universities, initially at £1,000 a year, rising to £3,000 a
year by 2010.
how has marketisation been achived through academization fees lib dems conservative coalition?
Academization
Academization of secondary schools with forced academization of failing schools and
the option for high performing schools to attract investment through converting to
academy status increased the market.
how has marketisation been achived through pupil premuims lib dems conservative coalition?
Additional funds allocated to schools for students of low-income families further
expanded competition between schools for funding
how has marketisation been achieved through curriculum reform lib dems conservative coalition?
Curriculum and Assessments
Reformed the curriculum and assessments to set more challenging targets for
schools.The coalition government introduced a new national curriculum in 2014, which aimed to raise academic standards by placing a stronger emphasis on subjects such as English, mathematics, and science.
how has marketisation been achieved through progress 8 lib dems conservative coalition?
progress 8 A new measurement tool based upon the progress a student would make during
their school career.
how has marketisation been achieved through free schools lib dems conservative coalition?
Allowed parents and other stakeholders to set up provision of education in areas of
need.
how has marketisation been achieved through tripling fees lib dems conservative coalition?
Tripling Tuition Fees
Tripling tuition fees for high value courses led to further competition between
universities
positives of marketisation of eductaion
Wider choice of schools
More private investment into education provision
Increased university attendance
Increase in educational standards
criticisms on the marketisation of education
Parentocracy
teaching the test
eductaional triage
off rolling
what is parentocrcay by stephen ball?
Stephen Ball suggested that increased parental choice or parentocracy is
a myth and that the education market only serves those with the cultural
capital to negotiate it.
Open enrollments have been replaced in many areas with covert selection
policies
Selection by mortgage pricing working class students out of schools due to high uniform and resource costs
what is teaching the test, educational triage and off rolling?
Teaching the Test
Marketization leads to teaching the test rather than developing deeper knowledge
and higher order thinking skills
Educational Triage
Increased focus on getting borderline pupils to achieve a qualification.
Off Rolling
Excluding students with low academic ability before tests so they do not negatively
impact on league table performance.
