E1 Clicker Questions Flashcards
Which of the following is a prokaryote?
A. Bacteria
B. Fungus
C. Protozoa
D. Helminth
A. Bacteria
A prokaryote is an organism with:
A. No Chromosome
B. No Nucleus
C. No Proteins
D. No Nucleic Acids
B. No Nucleus
Which of the following is is widely used for bacterial phylogenetic analysis?
A. Mitochondrial genes
B. Lysosomal genes
C. Chromosomes
D. DNA coding ribosomes
D. DNA coding ribosomes
Which one of the following is a cell wall component unique to bacteria?
A. Proteoglycan
B. Peptidoglycan
C. Lipopolysaccharide
D. Mycolic acid
B. Peptidoglycan
Cell wall component unique to Gram Positive bacteria:
A. Lipopolysaccharide
B. Teichoic acid
C. Mycolic acid
D. Peptidoglycan
B. Teichoic acid
Cell wall component unique to Gram Negative bacteria:
A. Lipopolysaccharide
B. Teichoic acid
C. Mycolic acid
D. Peptidoglycan
A. Lipopolysaccharide
Gram Positive Staining in some bacteria is due to the presence of a:
A. Peptidoglycan layer
B. Teichoic acid
C. A thick peptidoglycan layer
D. Thick outer membrane
C. A thick peptidoglycan layer
Acid fast positive staining in mycobacterium is due to the presence of:
A. Lipopolysaccharide
B. Teichoic acid
C. Mycolic acid
D. Peptidoglycan
C. Mycolic acid
Gram Positive bacteria retains the color of primary stain and Gram Negative bacteria picks up the color of the counterstain.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Which one of the following is the least likely virulence mechanism in bacteria?
A. Bacterial movement using flagella
B. Bacterial attachment using fimbriae
C. Biofilm production and attachment to surfaces
D. Bacterial protein production by ribosomes
D. Bacterial protein production by ribosomes
A disease can be diagnosed by identifying the infectious agent and the host immune response.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Humoral immune response is measured by screening for:
A. Antibodies
B. Antigens
C. T cells
D. Macropahges
A. Antibodies
Ability of a test to accurately identify an infected animal as positive is known as:
A. Sensitivity
B. Specificity
A. Sensitivity
Ability of a test to accurately identify a non-infected animal as negative is known as:
A. Sensitivity
B. Specificity
B. Specificity
Which of the following is not acceptable practice in sample collection?
A. Urine collected by free catch
B. Urine collected by catheter
C. Urine collected by cytocentesis
D. Urine collected and shipped to the lab in a syringe with needle attached to it
D. Urine collected and shipped to the lab in a syringe with needle attached to it
Which of the following statements is incorrect about antibody titer?
A. It is the last (highest) dilution of the serum at which antibodies are detected in a test
B. Determination of antibody titer can be used for diagnosis of infectious diseases
C. Detection of antibody titer at any stage of infection is sufficient to detect an active infection
D. A four fold increase between serum samples collected at acute and convalescent stages of disease is indicative of an active infection
C. Detection of antibody titer at any stage of infection is sufficient to detect an active infection
Results from serum testing for Brucellosis
Animal X; Serum Titer 1/100
Animal Y; Serum Titer 1/800
Interpretation: Animal Y has higher levels of antibody than animal X.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Which of the following will be the least likely scientific factor to be considered in deciding antimicrobial therapy?
A. Known the drugs
B. Know the microbes
C. Know the patient
D. Know the client
D. Know the client
In general, drugs with a lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values are better choices for treatment.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Use of pure culture of bacteria in antimicrobial susceptibility testing is critical for obtaining accurate results.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding antimicrobial susceptibility testing?
A. MIC is the lowest concentration of antimicrobial agent which can inhibit the growth of bacteria
B. Published break point are required for interpretation of AST results
C. MIC can be measured in E-test
D. MIC can be accurately measured in disk diffusion test (Kirby Bauer tests)
D. MIC can be accurately measured in disk diffusion test (Kirby Bauer tests)
The most common canine Staphylococcus isolate is:
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
C. Staphylococcus hyicus
D. Staphylococcus epidermidis
B. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Blackie, a 5 year old female dog was presented to the vet clinic with unresolving skin lesions. Purulent and bloody exudate was oozing out of some of the lesions. Which of the following Staphylococcus species is most common involved in this type of cases in dogs?
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
C. Staphylococcus hyicus
D. Staphylococcus epidermidis
B. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Staphylococcal enterotoxin (a superantigen) exerts it pathogenic effect by:
A. Binding indiscriminately and non-specifically to the T-cell receptors and class II MHC molecule
B. Binding to a receptor using the B subunit and activation of an enzyme using the A subunit
C. Binding to the CD14 receptor and activating macrophages to release TNF alpha
A. Binding indiscriminately and non-specifically to the T-cell receptors and class II MHC molecule
Which of the following antimicrobial groups does not belong to B-lactam group?
A. Ampicillin
B. Imipenem
C. Cephalosporins
D. Enrofloxacin
D. Enrofloxacin
Mechanism of action of B-lactam group is by:
A. Inhibiting protein synthesis
B. Inhibiting cell wall synthesis
C. Inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis
D. Inhibiting efflux pumps
B. Inhibiting cell wall synthesis
One of the adverse effects of using B-lactam such as penicillin in certain individuals is:
A. Development of methicillin resistance
B. Development of clindamycin resistance
C. Type IV hypersensitivity
D. Type I hypersensitivity
D. Type I hypersensitivity
(Purple circle clusters) The bacteria is most likely:
A. Streptococcus
B. Staphylococcus
C. Rhodococcus
D. Micrococcus
A. Staphylococcus
What disease will be in your top differential diagnosis list when a horse is presented to you with lesions near its throat/submandibular.
A. Pyoderma
B. Strangles
C. Scarlet fever
D. Lymphadenitis
B. Strangles
Which of the following is the streptococcus species belonging to the Lancefield group G can cause fatal illness in cats?
A. S. equi subsp zooepidemicus
B. S. felis
C. S. canis
D. S. suis
C. S. canis
Which of the following Streptococcus species is an important pathogen in fish?
A. S. pneumonia
B. S. suis
C. S. iniae
D. S. pyogenes
C. S. iniae
Clinicians must consider Vancomycin as a last result antimicrobial agent to treat infections because of the emergence of Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus spp.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Which of the following is incorrect about tetracyclines?
A. Act by inhibiting protein synthesis
B. Broad spectrum antimicrobial agent
C. Bactericidal in action
D. Energy dependent efflux is a common mechanism of resistance
C. Bactericidal in action
Toxin and capsule are required for the virulence of Bacillus anthracis.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Capsule of Anthrax bacilli is composed of a polysaccharide.
A. True
B. False
B. False
McFadyean staining reaction is used for detecting.
A. LPS of anthrax bacilli
B. Capsule of anthrax bacilli
C. Fimbriae of anthrax bacilli
D. Endospore of anthrax bacilli
B. Capsule of anthrax bacilli
In avirulent forms of Bacillus anthracis presence of toxin is essential for generating protective immune response.
A. True
B. False
A. True
“Anthrax is a contagious disease.”
A. True
B. False
B. False
Bacteria have which of the following ribosomes?
70s
Bacteria contain a nucleus.
False
Which of the following do bacteria have?
A. Complex cell wall
B. Histones
C. Nucleus
D. Sterols
A. Complex Cell wall
Which type of bacteria is known for having a thick layer of peptidoglycan and teichoic acid?
A. Mycobacteria
B. Gram -
C. Gram +
C. Gram +
A bacteria which uses host actin filaments to travel through cells
A. Listeria monocytogenes
B. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
C. Bacillus anthracis
D. Streptococcus iniae
A. Listeria monocytogenes
This pig (with diamond like lesions on its skin) has an infection caused by:
A. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
B. Listeria monocytogenes
C. Staphylococcus hyicus
D. Staphylococcus suis
A. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Which of the following is incorrect about listeriosis in ruminants?
A. Outbreaks occur after feeding soiled silage
B. Encephalitis and neurological signs occurs after the organism enter through the wounds in the buccal mucosa
C. Generally, disease occurs in winter
D. Hepatic necrosis is the main lesion in adult ruminants
D. Hepatic necrosis is the main lesion in adult ruminants
Which of the following is known for having thin peptidoglycan and LPS?
A. Mycobacteria
B. Gram -
C. Gram +
B. Gram -
Which of the following is known to have peptidoglycan layer and mycolic acid?
A. Mycobacteria
B. Gram -
C. Gram +
A. Mycobacteria
Which of the following is an endotoxin?
A. Specific O chain in Gram-
B. A toxin produced in side Gram + species by normal metabolic activity
C. Lipid A portion of Gram -
C. Lipid A portion of Gram -
The death phase (of bacteria) can lead to the death of the patient.
A. True
B. False
A. True
What tests for endotoxin?
A. Limulus amebocyte lystate test
B. CBC
C. Blood biochemistry
D. PT/PTT
A. Limulus amebocyte lystate test
Which of the following cannot utilize oxygen for growth?
A. Aerobic
B. Facultative anaerobe
C. Aerotolerant anaerobe
D. Capnophilic
C. Aerotolerant anaerobe