E-Sci_SoilRes

Question 1

Major Components of Soil:

Answer 1

1. Inorganic Material
2. Soil Water
3. Soil Air
4. Organic Matter

Question 2

Soils contain varying amounts on insoluble materials-rock fragments and minerals that will not readily dissolve in water.

Answer 2

Inorganic Materials

Question 3

The process of adding nutrients in order to meet the soil condition that certain plants requires.

Answer 3

Soil Fertilization

Question 4

Where soil water adheres to soil particles and soil clumps by surface tension.

Answer 4

Capillary Water

Question 5

Which does not move through the soil, and it does not supply plants with the moisture they need.

Answer 5

Hygroscopic Water

Question 6

Where water that percolates down through a soil under the force gravity.

Answer 6

Gravitational Water

Question 7

The depicting nutrients in the soil by the through flow of water.

Answer 7

Leaching

Question 8

The downward removal of soil components by water.

Answer 8

Eluviation

Question 9

Deposition by water in the subsoil.

Answer 9

Illuviation

Question 10

Fine particles and substances dissolved from the upper soil are deposited in lower levels, which become dense and may strongly colored by accumulated iron compounds.

Answer 10

Stratification

Question 11

Consists of 50% spaces between soil particles and between dump, an aggregate of a particle.

Answer 11

Soil Air

Question 12

An important catalyst in chemical reactions that help plants to extract soil nutrients.

Answer 12

Humus

Question 13

• Quick to warm and cool.
• Drain freely, which makes them easy to work.
• Organic matter breaks down quickly.
• Light gray, white, or light brown depending on the minerals in it.

Answer 13

Sandy Soil

Question 14

• Very alkaline in nature.
• Consist of a large number of stone.
• The fertility of this kind of soil depends on the - depth of the soil that is on the bed of chalk.
• Mostly white in color.

Answer 14

Chalk Soil

Question 15

• Warm slowly and cools slowly.
• Retain high levels of water which can lead to working and drainage problems.
• Red in color.

Answer 15

Clay Soil

Question 16

• High clay content.
• Highly moist retentive.
• Develop cracks in summer.
• Highly suitable for cotton.
• Rich in iron, lime, calcium, magnesium, carbonates, and alumina.

Answer 16

Black Soil

Question 17

Black Soil is also known as?

Answer 17

Regur or Black Cotton soil.

Question 18

• Occurs in humid region.
• Formed by accumulated organic matter.
• Black in color.
• Highly acidic and heavy.

Answer 18

Peat Soil

Question 19

Types of Soil

Answer 19

Sand, Clay, Black, Peat, Chalk

Question 20

Refers to the many processes that breaks down rocks into smaller fragment.

Answer 20

Weathering

Question 21

A soil-forming regime that occurs in humid tropical and subtropical climates as a result of high temperatures and abundant precipitation.

Answer 21

Laterization

Question 22

Occurs mainly in a high middle latitudes where the climate is moist with short, cool summers and long, severe winter.

Answer 22

Podzolization

Question 23

Soil-forming regime that doesn’t require humid climates, more in semi-arid climates.

Answer 23

Calcification

Question 24

The concentration of salts in the soil is often detrimental to plant grow.

Answer 24

Salinization

Question 25

Occur in poorly drained areas under cold and wet environmental conditions.

Answer 25

Gleization

Question 26

Human Practices that Harm the Soil

Answer 26

• Farming, - Construction and Development
• Mining, - Waste Disposal

Question 27

A method of reducing the number of times fields are tilled or plowed in a year. Through this method, the amount of soil disturbed by plowing is lessened so the lesser chance for the soil to be washed and blown away.

Answer 27

Conservation Tillage

Question 28

Uses the topography of the land to slow down the flow of water through graduated steps. This method is usually done in hilly or mountainous terrain.

Answer 28

Terracing

Question 29

Similar to terracing but on a smaller scale. Instead of arranging the crops in vertical rows, they are planted following the contour of the land.

Answer 29

Contour Farming

Question 30

Soil Conservation at Home:

Answer 30

1. Make surfaces penetrable
2. Set a rain garden
3. Use a drum to collect water

Question 31

Soil Conservation in the Community:

Answer 31

1. Plant windbreaks
2. Rejuvenate wetlands
3. Plant buffer strips along stream banks
4. Restore forest cover
5. Proper waste disposal and waste management
6. Monitor Grazing