E. History of life

Question 1

How old is the earth?

Answer 1

4.6 billion years old.

Question 2

How can the relative age of fossils be determined?

Answer 2

Older fossils are found deeper in the layers of rock while newer fossils are closer to surface.

Question 3

What did Oparin hypothesize?

Answer 3

Life began as Primordial Soup that slowly evolved.

Question 4

What was early earth’s atmosphere like?

Answer 4

Hot and violent with no oxygen and gases like ammonia.

Question 5

What did the Miller-Urey experiment show was possible?

Answer 5

Organic compounds can form from inorganic compounds.

Question 6

Be able to identify the components of the Miller-Urey experiment.

Answer 6

They simulated early earth with ammonia, methane, water vapor, and hydrogen

Question 7

Explain the theory of endosymbiosis

Answer 7

This theory suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved when prokaryotes engulfed other prokaryotes and they live together.

Question 8

What are the steps of endosymbiosis?

Answer 8

A prokaryotic cell engulfs another that can make ATP then another that can perform photosynthesis.

Question 9

What organelles are thought to have evolved from endosymbiosis?

Answer 9

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 10

What evidence is there to support the theory of endosymbiosis?

Answer 10

Same size, replicate, have circular DNA and have a double membrane