C. Mechanisms of Evolution Flashcards
What does directional selection do?
Favors one extreme phenotype
What does stabilizing selection do?
Favors intermediate phenotypes.
What does disruptive selection do?
Favors both extremes
Define mutations.
Mutations are a change in DNA sequence that creates new alleles.
What is genetic recombination?
shuffling of alleles during meiosis, creating new allele combinations.
What is genetic drift?
Random change in allele frequencies, unrelated to fitness.
What is bottleneck effect?
A disaster drastically reduces population size and diversity.
What is the founder effect?
A small group starts a new population.
What is gene flow?
When alleles move and mix with different group passing on their genes.
What is nonrandom mating (sexual selection)?
When organisms choose mates based on certain traits.
Define natural selection .
The process where organisms that are better suited to their environment survive.
