E: Biodiversity - Diversity Of Plants Flashcards
What are the 2 main plant groups and give 2 examples
Plants with seeds - maize and cycads
Plants without seeds - ferns and mosses
What are the 2 groups of “plants with seeds”
Angiosperms and gymnosperms
Fill in the missing words
Angiosperms produce ✏️. Angiosperms are ✏️ plants such as ✏️ and ✏️. The ✏️ usually have both ✏️ and ✏️ parts. The ✏️ of angiosperms form in the ✏️ of the flower.
Seeds Flowering Proteas Aloes Flowers Male Female Seeds Ovary
Fill in the missing words
Gymnosperms produce ✏️. Gymnosperms are ✏️-✏️ plants such as ✏️ and ✏️. The ✏️ form in the cones. Gymnosperms have ✏️ and ✏️ cones. The male cones are ✏️ than the female cones. They fall off the plant after ✏️ and ✏️. The ✏️ cones stay on the plant until the ✏️ are fully developed.
Seeds Cone-bearing Cycads Yellow wood trees Seeds Male Female Smaller Pollination Fertilization Female Seeds
What is pollination
The process in which pollen is transferred from the anthers to the stigma of a flower
What is a cotyledon
The leaf of a seed which stores food
What are the 2 main groups of flowering plants
Monocotyledons and dicotyledons
Fill in the missing words
Monocotyledons are called ✏️ for short. The name means ✏️ of these ✏️ have one ✏️. When a monocot seed germinates it produces a single ✏️.
Monocots Seeds Plants Cotyledon Leaf
What are the 3 parts of a maize kernel
Endosperm
Seed coat
Cotyledon
Give 5 eg of monocots
Maize Grasses Onions Aloes Lilies
What are the distinguishing characteristics of monocots
Long narrow leaves Leaf veins are parallel Flower parts in 3s Shallow fibrous roots Non-woody stems that don't branch Fruits have 3 lobes Seeds have 1 cotyledon
Fill in the missing words
Dicotyledons are called ✏️ for short. The ✏️ have 2 cotyledons. Dicot ✏️ have large cotyledons. When a dicot germinates it produces ✏️ new leaves.
Dicots
Seeds
Seeds
2
What are 4 eg of dicots
Beans
Peas
Roses
Proteas
What are distinguishing characteristics of dicots
Broad leaves Leaf veins form a network Flower parts in 4s and 5s Long tap roots Stems branch and can become woody Fruits are in many different shapes and forms
What are the components of a flower and explain each
STAMENS
Male structures that consist of anthers and filaments. The anthers produce pollen grains the contain the male sex cells. The filaments are the stalks that support the anthers.
PISTIL
The female structures that consists of the stigma, style and ovary. The stigma is sticky and receives pollen. The style is a thin, hollow tube which connects the stigma to the ovary. The ovary contains the female ovules which develop into seeds.
PETALS
Usually white or colored to attract insects birds or other pollinators
SEPALS
Usually green and leaf-like. They cover the petals to protect them when the flower is closed
