B: The Biosphere - Requirements For Sustaining Life

Question 1

What are the 5 requirements for sustaining life

Answer 1

✏️a source of energy 
✏️water
✏️gases from the atmosphere 
✏️soil
✏️ temperatures which are not too hot or too cold

Question 2

Explain the source of energy you need to sustain life

Answer 2

Plants use energy from the sun for photosynthesis

Animals get energy from the food they eat for carrying out the life processes

Question 3

Explain the gases from the atmosphere you need to sustain life

Answer 3

ALL living things need oxygen for respiration

Plants need carbon dioxide to make food during photosynthesis

Question 4

Explain the water you need to sustain life

Answer 4

Plants need water for photosynthesis
Animals need water to digest food
Water transports substances around the bodies of plants and animals
A large part of the body is made up of water

Question 5

Explain the soil you need to sustain life

Answer 5

Not all living organisms need soil to survive

Living organisms depend on gases produced by plants and plants need soil

Question 6

Explain the temperatures you need to sustain life

Answer 6

Life processes of living organisms can only be carried out within a range of temperatures

If the temperature is too hot or cold the living organisms will die

Question 7

Explain adaptations

Answer 7

The ways in which organisms are suited to their environment

Question 8

Fill in the missing words:

Fish have ✏️ which allows them to move easily through the ✏️. ✏️ have fleshy leaves that store ✏️. Polar bears have thick ✏️ to keep them ✏️. ✏️ store fat in their humps. Their bodies break down the ✏️ to give them ✏️ and to release ✏️ for body processes. They have very wide flat ✏️ to stop them ✏️ into the sand when they walk. Bright colours on some ✏️ attract ✏️ to pollinate them for ✏️.

Answer 8

Fins
Water
Aloes
Water
Fur 
Warm
Camels
Fat
Energy
Water
Feet
Sinking 
Flowers 
Insects
Reproduction

Question 9

Name and explain 7 ways in which the Emperor Penguin adaptsto living in the Antarctic.

Answer 9

1. The nostrils take heat from the penguin’s breath as it breathes out and warms the air for the penguin’s next breath.
2. Have 3 layers of short, oily feathers which trap heat against their bodies. The oil makes the feathers waterproof so the body stays dry and doesn’t freeze in the water
3. Can’t fly. Excellent swimmer. Wings are adapted into flippers for swimming
4. Body shape is streamlined. Has a smooth shape and can move easily in the water.
5. Only lay 1 egg each year. Male incubates the egg until it hatches. Male keeps it warm so the young chick can develop. Has a special fold of skin on its belly which covers it’s feet and warm skin on top of its feet. The male puts the egg on his feet where it’s kept warm by the fold of skin and the warm skin on top of its feet.
6. There is a thick layer of fat called “blubber” under the skin which stops it from losing body heat. Male uses “blubber” as a source of energy when looking after the egg, as he can’t catch food during this time.
7. The feet have a good supply of blood to keep them warm. The feet are strong and muscular to propel them through the water. Swim at a speed of up 40 km/h. Speed allows them to catch their food and to avoid predators ( seals and killer whales ). Feed mainly on fish, squid and small crustaceans ( krill ) which they catch in the water.

Question 10

Give the definitions for:

♥️incubate
🖍streamlined
🍫propel

Answer 10

♥️to keep eggs warm so they hatch
🖍has a smooth shape to move easily in the water
🍫push forward