E&B: Classification Flashcards
Characteristics of angiospermephyta?
Has vascularisation
Have leaves, roots and stems
Reproduce by seeds produced in ovules within flowers.
Examples of angiospermephyta
All flowering plants and grasses.
Characteristics of bryophyta?
Has no vascularisation (lacks xylem and phloem)
Had no true leaves, roots or stems (anchored by root like structure, rhizoid)
Reproduce by releasing spores from sporangia (reproductive stalks)
Examples of bryophyta?
Mosses and liverworts
Characteristics of filicinophyta?
Has vascularisation
Have leaves (pinnate) , roots and stems
Reproduce by releasing spores from clusters called sori on the underside of the leaves.
Examples of filicinophyta?
Ferns
Examples of coniferophyta?
Pine trees and conifers
Kingdom Animalia
Characteristics and examples of porifera?
Asymmetrical
No body cavity
No segmentation
Spicules for support
Example: Sea sponge
Characteristics and examples of cnidaria?
Radial symmetry
Mouth but no anus
No segmentation
Stinging cells
Example: Jellyfish, coral
Characteristics and examples of platyhelminthes?
Bilateral symmetry
Mouth but no a anus
No segmentation
Flattened body
Examples: Tapeworm, planaria
Examples and Characteristics of annelida?
Bilateral symmetry
Mouth and anus
Segmented
Move via peristalsis
Eg? Earthworms and leech
Examples and Characteristics of mollusca?
Bilateral
Mouth and anus
Nonvisible segmentation (mantle and foot)
May have a shell(made by mantle)
Eg? Snail, octopus, squid
Examples and Characteristics of anthropoda?
Examples and Characteristics of anthropoda?
Bilateral
Mouth and anus
Segmented
Have exoskeleton (made of chitin)
Eg? Insects, spiders, crustaceans
Examples and Characteristics of chordata?
Bilateral
Separate Mouth and anus.
Have a notochord and a hollow dosal for at least some period of their lifetime.
Eg? Mammals, birds, amphibians, fish
Types of clasfications
What is artificial Classification
involves arbitrarily selecting unifying Characteristics first and then grouping organisms accordingly.
What is the advantage and disadvantage of artificial Classification?
The advantage is that such schemes are easy to develop and relatively stable (unlikely to change)
The disadvantage is that they do not generally show evolutionary evolutionary relationships.
What is natural Classification?
Involves grouping organisms based on similarities first and then identifying shared characteristics.
Advantage and disadvantage of natural Classification?
Natural Classification schemes can be used to predict characteristics led by species within a group.
A disadvantage is that they are highly mutable and tend to change as new information is discovered.
What is phylogenetic Classification?
Differentiates organisms based on genetics.
Organisms who share a greater level of homology in their dna or amino acid sequences are expected to be more closely related.
What is speciation?
the evolutionary by which populations evolve to become distinct species.
What is molecular clock?
Is a technique that uses the mutation rate of biomolecules to deduce the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged.
