Dysrhythmias

Question 1

Pacemaker of the heart

Answer 1

SA node

Question 2

Atrial depolarization

Answer 2

SA node to AV node

Contraction of atrium

Question 3

Ventricular depolarization

Answer 3

AV node to Bundle of His to Purkinje fibers

Contraction of ventricles

Question 4

Calculate heart rate on EKG strip

Answer 4

Between R to R waves in 6 seconds (FULL cycle) and multiply by 10

Question 5

Small box

Answer 5

0.04 seconds

Question 6

Big box

Answer 6

0.20 seconds

Question 7

PR interval

Answer 7

0.12-0.20 seconds

Question 8

QRS interval

Answer 8

<0.12 seconds

Question 9

QT interval

Answer 9

0.34-0.43 seconds

Question 10

Straight line on EKG

Answer 10

isoelectric line

Question 11

What does the isoelectric line mean?

Answer 11

NO electrical conduction

Question 12

Above isoelectric line

Answer 12

Positive deflection

Question 13

Below isoelectric line

Answer 13

Negative deflection

Question 14

What does the PR interval represent?

Answer 14

Atrial depolarization

SA node to AV node

Question 15

What does QRS interval respresent?

Answer 15

Ventricle depolarization

AV node to Bundle of His to Pukinje fibers

Question 16

What does T wave represent?

Answer 16

Ventricular repolarization

Question 17

Normal sinus rhythm

Answer 17

60-100 bpm

Question 18

Sinus Bradycardia

Answer 18

<60 bpm

Question 19

Bradycardia is normal in people who are….

Answer 19

aerobically trained athletes and sleeping

Question 20

Bradycardia =

Answer 20

decreased cardiac output

Question 21

S/S bradycardia

Answer 21

• hypotension
• pale, cool skin
• weakness
• angina
• dizziness
• confusion
• SOB

Question 22

Sinus tachycardia

Answer 22

101-200 bpm

Question 23

If unable to measure something, document as…

Answer 23

non discernible or unable to assess (UTA)

Question 24

Treatment for bradycardia

Answer 24

Atropine

Question 25

Normal causes of tachycardia

Answer 25

- exercise - pain - hypovolemia - fever

Question 26

Bad causes of tachycardia

Answer 26

- MI | - Heart failure

Question 27

sawtooth-shaped waves on EKG

Answer 27

atrial flutter

Question 28

Single ectopic focus =

Answer 28

irritable

Question 29

What is used to stop or rest irritable behavior in atrial flutter?

Answer 29

synchronized cardioversion

Question 30

What does a single ectopic focus represent?

Answer 30

Atrial flutter

Question 31

True or False: EKG will show P wave during atrial flutter

Answer 31

FALSE EKG will NOT show P wave during atrial flutter

Question 32

Treatments for atrial flutter

Answer 32

- synchronized cardioversion - calcium channel blockers or beta blockers - antidysrhythmias (amiodarone) - coumadin

Question 33

What effect does calcium channel blockers or beta blockers have on the heart?

Answer 33

decrease heart rate

Question 34

What is the most common dysrhythmia?

Answer 34

Atrial fibrilation

Question 35

True or False Atrial fibrilation has just 2 ectopic focus spots

Answer 35

False. Atrial fibrilation has mutiple ecoptic focus spots.

Question 36

What does atrial fibrilation look like on an EKG?

Answer 36

bunch of squiggly lines

Question 37

If pt has been in a fib for >48 hours, warfarin is recommended for ___ _____ before cardioversion and for ___ _____ after successful cardioversion.

Answer 37

3-4 weeks 4-6 weeks

Question 38

Treatment for atrial fibrilation

Answer 38

- synchronized cardioversion (depending on when a fib started) - Dig, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers - Coumadin

Question 39

What is a premature ventricular contraction (PVC)?

Answer 39

- contraction in ectopic focus of ventricle | - early and wide QRS complex

Question 40

What should you do FIRST with a PVC?

Answer 40

Check vital signs

Question 41

Multifocal PVC

Answer 41

different spots

Question 42

Unifocal PVC

Answer 42

one spot

Question 43

Ventricular bigeminy

Answer 43

every other

Question 44

Ventricular trigeminy

Answer 44

every 2

Question 45

Couplet

Answer 45

2 in a row

Question 46

Ventricular tachycardia

Answer 46

3 or more in a row

Question 47

Low potassium (K) =

Answer 47

irritability to heart, especially ventricles

Question 48

R on T

Answer 48

the heart isn't fully relaxing during T wave on EKG strip.

Question 49

What can R on T lead to?

Answer 49

lethal dysrhythmias

Question 50

Treatment for PVCs

Answer 50

(based on cause) - O2 - electrolyte replacement - beta blockers, antidysrhythmias, lidocaine

Question 51

Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia

Answer 51

1 focal point, same shape

Question 52

Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia

Answer 52

Different shape

Question 53

2 types of ventricular tachycardia

Answer 53

stable-with pulse unstable-no pulse