Dyspnea and Lung

Question 1

dyspnea

Answer 1

shortness of breath

Question 2

reasons shortness of breathe

3 major areas (outside of the major area)

Answer 2

1. blood – anemia or hemoglobinopathies
2. brain
   Hyperventilation syndrome
   Neuromuscular disease – respiratory muscles
3. heart
   - impaired forward flow
   - systolic/diastolic dysfunction

Question 3

What is COPD and what are two diseases associated?

Answer 3

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder

1. EMphysema
2. Chronic Bronchitis

Question 4

what can mimick airflow obstruction?

are they directly lung pathology?

Answer 4

1. congestive heart failure
2. pulmonary embolism
3. pneumonia
4. foregin body aspiratoin

these are NOT DIRECT lung pathologies

Question 5

Asthma

describe

Answer 5

Airflow obstruction due to smooth muscle contraction (bronchoconstriction) - airway tube

INTERMITANT – comes and goes

resolves to normal breathing function

3-6% population affected
highest in children less than 5 years old
- 50% of these child hood cases will remit but 50% will recur as adults

females get more severe disease

Question 6

does asthma accerlerate loss of lung function?

Answer 6

YES – can go from dynamic to fixed lung disease

Question 7

Aspirin sensative? implication on lungs?

Answer 7

asparin inhibits the cycooxygenase – so do not get the production of prostaglandins and then the leukotrienes that are related to bronchoconstriction are UNOPPOSED – asthmatic rxn

Question 8

leukotrienes cause?

Answer 8

bronchoconstriction

Question 9

Causes of COPD

Answer 9

1. smoking (1:6 smokers develop COPD)
2. Genetics
3. Environment

Question 10

COPD vs astham

Answer 10

COPD = fixed airway obstructive disease

astham - intermitant / dynamic