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Hjärta kärl/lunga/geriatrik > Dyspné > Flashcards

Dyspné Flashcards

1
Q

Dyspné - vanliga diffdiagnoser > 85 % av fallen (9 st)

A 
Pneumoni
Lungemboli
Astma
KOL
Pneumothorax
Interstitiell lungsjukdom
Hjärtsvikt
Hjärtinfarkt
Panikångest
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2
Q

KOL - anamnes/symptom

A

Dyspné
Hosta
Sputumproduktion
Sputumpurulens (varighet)

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3
Q

KOL - riskfaktorer

A

Rökning

Alfa-1-antitrypsinbrist

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4
Q

KOL - status

A 
Cyanos
Pustandning
Magerlagd
Sonora rhonki
Ökade lunggränser
Förlängt expirium
Perifera ödem (ofta samtidig hjärtsvikt)
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5
Q

KOL - lab

A

CRP
LPK
BNP
Blodgas!

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6
Q

KOL - EKG

A

Normalt (takykardi)

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7
Q

KOL - röntgen/undersökningar

A

Ev lungröntgen för diffdiagnostik

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8
Q

KOL - behandling

A 
Akut behandling:
Syrgas (OBS! koldioxidretention)
Luftrörsvidgare
NIV vb
Furix vb
Ev AB och steroider
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9
Q

Astma - anamnes/symptom

A

Dyspné expirium och inspirium

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10
Q

Astma - riskfaktorer

A

Atopi
Allergenexposition
Dålig compliance?

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11
Q

Astma - status

A 
Dyspné -> medvetslöshet
Ronki
Takypné
Takykardi
Desaturation
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12
Q

Astma - lab

A

Blodgas!
Blodstatus
CRP

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13
Q

Astma - EKG

A

Normalt (takykardi)

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14
Q

Astma - röntgen/undersökningar

A

PEF

Ev lungröntgen för diffdiagnostik

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15
Q

LE - anamnes/symptom

A 
Dyspné (plötslig)
Pleuritsmärta
Hosta
Hemoptys
Feber
Synkope (allvarligt)
Inga/ospecifika!
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16
Q

LE - riskfaktor

A 
Virchows triad
DVT?
Hereditet
Malignitet
Graviditet
P-piller
Immobilisering
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17
Q

LE - riskfaktor

A 
Virchows triad
DVT?
Hereditet
Malignitet
Graviditet
P-piller
Immobilisering
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18
Q

LE - status

A 
DVT?
Takykardi/FF
Takypné
Högersvikt/chock
Inga!!!
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19
Q

LE - lab

A 
CRP
Troponin
D-dimer
BNP
Blodgas
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20
Q

LE - EKG

A

Sinustakykardi
Nytillkommet högerskänkelblock
Pressade T-vågor V1-V3 d.v.s. höger avledningar
FF

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21
Q

LE - röntgen/undersökningar

A

DT thorax med kontrast/lungscintigrafi

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22
Q

LE - behandling

A 
Syrgas
Antikoagulantia
Trombolys
Trombektomi
ECMO
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23
Q

Hjärtsvikt - anamnes/symptom

A 
Dyspné
Ortopné
Trötthet
Viktuppgång
Bensvullnad
Bröstsmärta i anamnesen?
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24
Q

Hjärtsvikt - riskfaktor

A 
Hjärtkärlsjukdom
Hypertoni
Ärftlighet
Kardiomyopati
Alkohol
Diabetes
Vitium
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25
Q

Hjärtsvikt - status

A 
Dyspné
Dekliva ödem
Hepatosplenomegali
Basala rassel bilateralt
Halsvenstas
Ascites
Hypotoni/chock
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26
Q

Hjärtsvikt - lab

A 
BNP
Troponin
Elektrolyter
CRP
Blodgas
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27
Q

Hjärtsvikt - EKG

A 
Vänsterkammarhypertrofi
Tecken till genomgången infarkt
Pressade T-vågor
FF
LBBB (left bundle branch block)
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28
Q

Hjärtsvikt - röntgen/undersökningar

A

Lungröntgen: pleuravätska/vidgade kärl/kardiomegali

EKO: bästa undersökning - kammarfunktion, pleuravätska etc.

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29
Q

Hjärtsvikt - behandling

A 
Syrgas
Furix iv
Nitroglycerininfusion alt sublingualt
Morfin
Ev. NIV(CPAP)
Ev. inotropi eller vätska om chock
30
Q

Pneumoni - anamnes/symptom

A 
Feber
Hosta
Dyspné
Pleuritsmärta
Ospecifikt som t.ex. förvirring
31
Q

Pneumoni - riskfaktor

A 
Epidemiologi
Rökning
Ålder
Lungsjukdom
Immunbrist
Aspiration
32
Q

Pneumoni - status

A

Feber/frossa
Takypné
Rassel/dämpning
Bronkiella andningsljud

33
Q

Pneumoni - lab

A

CRP, LPK, blodgas

34
Q

Pneumoni - EKG

A

Normalt (takykardi)

35
Q

Pneumoni - röntgen/undersökningar

A

Lungröntgen alt. DT-thorax för diffdiagnostik

36
Q

Pneumoni - behandling

A

Antibiotika
Syrgas
Vätska iv

37
Q

Pneumothorax - anamnes/status

A

Akut huggande bröstsmärta (andningskorrelerad)/akut dyspné

38
Q

Pneumothorax - riskfaktorer

A

Ung gänglig man
Rökning
Trauma med revbensfraktur
KOL

39
Q

Pneumothorax - status

A

Nedsatta andningsljud

Tympanisk perkussionston

40
Q

Pneumothorax - lab

A

Labsvep

41
Q

Pneumothorax - EKG

A

Oftast u.a.

42
Q

Pneumothorax - röntgen/undersökningar

A

Lungröntgen

43
Q

Pneumothorax - behandling

A

Expektans/dränering

44
Q

Sepsis - anamnes/symptom

A

Feber/medvetandepåverkan

Fokus: sår/urinvägar/luftvägar/buk/CNS

45
Q

Sepsis - riskfaktorer

A

Infektion

46
Q

Sepsis - status

A 
SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome)
CHOCK
Feber/hypotermi
Takypné och takykardi
Blek, kallsvettig
Nedsatt urinproduktion
Konfusion/medvetandesänkning
47
Q

Metabol orsak - anamnes/status

A

-

48
Q

Metabol orsak - riskfaktorer

A

Diabetes

Intox

49
Q

Metabol orsak - status

A

Takypné

50
Q

Metabol orsak - lab

A

Blodgas!

Ketoner

51
Q

Sepsis - lab

A 
CRP
Blodstatus
Elstatus
Urinsticka
Leverstatus
Koagulationsstatus
Blodgas: laktat!
Odlingar
52
Q

Sepsis - EKG

A

-

53
Q

Sepsis - röntgen/undersökningar

A

Beror på misstänkt fokus

54
Q

Sepsis - behandling

A

Vätska
Syrgas
Antibiotika iv
Inotropt stöd

55
Q

Metabol orsak - EKG

A

-

56
Q

Metabol orsak - röntgen/undersökningar

A

-

57
Q

Metabol orsak - behandling

A

Efter etiologi

58
Q

Ångest - anamnes/symptom

A 
Atypisk CBS (central bröstsmärta)
Hjärtklappning
Domningar
Skakningar
Lufthunger
59
Q

Ångest - riskfaktorer

A

Depression/ångest sedan tidigare

Trauma

60
Q

Ångest - status

A

Andfådd
Orolig
Blir ofta lugn på akuten

61
Q

Ångest - lab

A

Labsvep inkl. blodgas

62
Q

Ångest - EKG

A

-

63
Q

Ångest - röntgen/undersökningar

A

-

64
Q

Ångest - behandling

A

Lugnande besked

65
Q

Lungsjukdom - anamnes/symptom

A

Smygande dyspné

Torrhosta

66
Q

Lungsjukdom - riskfaktorer

A

Rökning
Metalldamm
Lantbruk
Virusinfektioner

67
Q

Lungsjukdom - status

A

Torra rassel

Clubbing (trumpinnefingrar)

68
Q

Lungsjukdom - lab

A

Blodgas

69
Q

Lungsjukdom - EKG

A

-

70
Q

Lungsjukdom - röntgen/undersökningar

A

Lungröntgen

Spirometri

71
Q

Lungsjukdom - behandling

A

-

Hjärta kärl/lunga/geriatrik (10 decks)

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